Tyrosine hydroxylase conditional KO mice reveal peripheral tissue-dependent differences in dopamine biosynthetic pathways

Miyajima, Katsuya; Kawamoto, Chiaki; Hara, Satoshi; Mori-Kojima, Masayo; Ohye, Tamae; Sumi‐Ichinose, Chiho; Saito, Nae; Sasaoka, Toshikuni; Metzger, Daniel; Ichinose, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100544

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Dopamine is then converted to norepinephrine by DβH [16,17]. Whereas the conversion (tyrosine → dopamine) occurs predominantly in the cytoplasm, the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine mediated by DβH occurs mainly inside neurotransmitter vesicles [16]. Surprisingly, in this study, dopamine levels were significantly reduced by UVB irradiation, but norepinephrine levels were not altered.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…We first investigated the levels of the catecholamines norepinephrine and dopamine in the blood and adrenal glands (Figure 1). Norepinephrine is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine through a series of enzymatic steps (tyrosine → levodopa (L-DOPA) → dopamine → norepinephrine) in the SA system [16]. The conversion of tyrosine to L-DOPA is carried out by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Norepinephrine is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine through a series of enzymatic steps (tyrosine → levodopa (L-DOPA) → dopamine → norepinephrine) in the SA system [16]. The conversion of tyrosine to L-DOPA is carried out by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) [16]. L-DOPA is converted to dopamine by DOPA decarboxylase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…L-DOPA is converted to dopamine by DOPA decarboxylase. Dopamine is then converted to norepinephrine by DβH [16,17]. Whereas the conversion (tyrosine → dopamine) occurs predominantly in the cytoplasm, the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine mediated by DβH occurs mainly inside neurotransmitter vesicles [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic Ultraviolet Irradiation to the Skin Dysregulates Adrenal Medulla and Dopamine Metabolism In Vivo

et al. 2021

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has a strong biological effect on skin biology, and it switches on adaptive mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in organs such as the skin, adrenal glands, and brain. In this study, we examined the adaptation of the body to repeated bouts of UVB radiation, especially with respect to the catecholamine synthesis pathway of the adrenal glands. The effects of UVB on catecholamine-related enzymes were determined by neurochemical and histological analyses. To evaluate catecholamine changes after chronic excessive UVB irradiation of mouse skin, we examined dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the adrenal glands and blood from UV-irradiated and sham-irradiated mice. We found that chronic excessive UVB exposure significantly reduced dopamine levels in both tissues but did not affect norepinephrine levels. In addition, UVB irradiation significantly increased the levels of related enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase. Furthermore, we also found that apoptosis-associated markers were increased and that oxidative defense proteins were decreased, which might have contributed to the marked structural abnormalities in the adrenal medullas of the chronically UVB-irradiated mice. This is the first evidence of the damage to the adrenal gland and subsequent dysregulation of catecholamine metabolism induced by chronic exposure to UVB.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic Ultraviolet Irradiation to the Skin Dysregulates Adrenal Medulla and Dopamine Metabolism In Vivo

et al. 2021

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“…DOPA is further converted to DA by the action of the enzyme, aromatic amino acid decarboxylase. Cells that are TH-positive are represented as dopaminergic neurons [1,63,64]. ACR is most commonly administered to rats either through their oral gavage or through intraperitoneal injection.…”

Section: Acrylamide Induced Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss In Rat Striatummentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrylamide: A Neurotoxin and a Hazardous Waste

Cota¹,

Saha²,

Tewari³

et al. 2022

Hazardous Waste Management

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Acrylamide is an organic water-soluble compound and a vinyl-substituted primary amide. It is well known for its toxic effects on humans. This chemical may lead to neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. It is exposed to humans through diet, occupation, lifestyle and many environmental factors. Acrylamide is used in molecular laboratories and even in various manufacturing and processing industries. Acrylamide is formed in food cooked at high temperatures, and exposure to this chemical may cause damage to the nervous system. In this chapter the toxicity of acrylamide and its role as a hazardous waste are highlighted. The main topics of this study are occurrence, effects and toxicity caused by acrylamide and analysis of acrylamide induced neurotoxicity in rats. Furthermore, mitigation strategies involving acrylamide have been discussed.

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Dopamine is involved in reparative dentin formation through odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

Fujino

Tomokiyo

Sugiura

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Conventional direct pulp-capping materials induce pulp cells to secrete various biomolecules in pulp tissues that promote reparative dentin formation through induction of odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). However, these biomolecules sometimes induce bone-like dentin with poor sealing properties. Therefore, exploration of biomolecules that allow tight sealing by tubular reparative dentin is required. We recently reported that dopamine (DA) is involved in dentinogenesis. Hence, we investigated the effect of DA on odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs and reparative dentin formation. Both tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a DA synthetase, and DA were expressed in odontoblast-like cells in vivo. In vitro, their expression was increased during odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs. Furthermore, TH-overexpressing DPSCs had promoted odontoblastic differentiation and DA production. Moreover, DA stimulation promoted their differentiation and induced tubular reparative dentin. These results suggest that DA produced by TH is involved in odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs and has an inductive capacity for reparative dentin formation similar to primary dentin. This study may lead to the development of therapy to preserve vital pulp tissues.

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Tyrosine hydroxylase conditional KO mice reveal peripheral tissue-dependent differences in dopamine biosynthetic pathways

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Chronic Ultraviolet Irradiation to the Skin Dysregulates Adrenal Medulla and Dopamine Metabolism In Vivo

Chronic Ultraviolet Irradiation to the Skin Dysregulates Adrenal Medulla and Dopamine Metabolism In Vivo

Acrylamide: A Neurotoxin and a Hazardous Waste

Dopamine is involved in reparative dentin formation through odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

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