Unsteady Multi-hole Probe Measurements of the Near Wake of a Circular Cylinder at Sub-critical Reynolds Numbers

Heckmeier, Florian M.; Iglesias, Daniel; Breitsamter, Christian

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25253-3_61

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the TUM wind tunnel the wake was measured using a triple-wire device based on a DISA 55P91 probe and manufactured in house at TUM (Heckmeier et al, 2019). The three gold-plated tungsten wires have a diameter of 5 µm with a length of 1.25 mm.…”

Section: Experimental Test Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, steady performance and wake characterization of a scaled wind turbine with pitch, torque and yaw actuation

Nanos¹,

Bottasso²,

Campagnolo³

et al. 2022

Wind Energ. Sci.

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Abstract. This paper describes the design and characterization of a scaled wind turbine model, conceived to support wake and wind farm control experiments in a boundary layer wind tunnel. The turbine has a rotor diameter of 0.6 m and was designed to match the circulation distribution of a target conceptual full-scale turbine at its design tip speed ratio. In order to enable the testing of plant-level control strategies, the model is equipped with pitch, torque and yaw actuation and is sensorized with integrated load cells, rotor azimuth and blade pitch encoders. After describing the design of the turbine, its steady-state performance and wake characteristics are assessed by conducting experiments in two different wind tunnels, in laminar and turbulent conditions, collecting wake data with different measurement techniques. A large-eddy simulator coupled to an actuator-line model is used to develop a digital replica of the turbine and of the wind tunnel. For increased accuracy, the polars of the low-Reynolds-number airfoil used in the numerical model are tuned directly from measurements obtained from the rotor in operation in the wind tunnel. Results indicate that the scaled turbine performs as expected: measurements are repeatable and consistent, and the wake appears to have a realistic behavior in line with expectations and with a similar but slightly larger scaled model turbine. Furthermore, the predictions of the numerical model are well in line with experimental observations.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Test Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, steady performance and wake characterization of a scaled wind turbine with pitch, torque and yaw actuation

Nanos¹,

Bottasso²,

Campagnolo³

et al. 2022

Wind Energ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The The TUM wind tunnel has a height of 1.8 m, a width of 2.7 m and a length of 27 m. In this wind tunnel the wake was measured using a triple-wire device based on a DISA 55P91 probe and manufactured in-house at TUM (Heckmeier et al, 2019). The three gold-plated tungsten wires have a diameter of 5 µm with a length of 1.25 mm.…”

Section: Experimental Test Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, performance and wake characterization of a scaled wind turbine with closed-loop controls

Nanos¹,

Bottasso²,

Campagnolo³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. This paper describes the design and characterization of a scaled wind turbine model, conceived to support wake and wind farm control experiments in a boundary layer wind tunnel. The turbine has a rotor diameter of 0.6~meters, and was designed to match the circulation distribution of a target conceptual full-scale turbine at its design tip speed ratio. In order to enable the testing of plant-level control strategies, the model is equipped with closed-loop pitch, torque and yaw control, and is sensorized with integrated load cells, as well as with rotor azimuth and blade pitch encoders. After describing the design of the turbine, its performance and wake characteristics are assessed by conducting experiments in two different wind tunnels, in laminar and turbulent conditions, collecting wake data with different measurement techniques. A large-eddy simulator coupled to an actuator-line model is used to develop a digital replica of the turbine and of the wind tunnel. For increased accuracy, the polars of the low-Reynolds airfoil used in the numerical model are tuned directly from measurements obtained from the rotor in operation in the wind tunnel. Results indicate that the scaled turbine performs as expected, measurements are repeatable and consistent, and the wake appears to have a realistic behavior in line with expectations and with a similar slightly larger scaled model turbine. Furthermore, the predictions of the numerical model are well in line with experimental observations.

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“…The measurement principle is quite simple and is based on gauging the dynamic pressure in both the intake and exhaust duct at the closest possible positions to the valves. To fulfill these requirements aerodynamic probes have been developed and manufactured utilizing 3D printing [ (Heckmeier et al, 2019), (Heckmeier et al, 2020)]. To demonstrate the aforementioned limitation and the potential proposed in the present study, let us choose but not limit ourselves to the precise control of air-fuel ratio (A/F) to the stoichiometric value under certain operating conditions, which is necessary to minimize exhaust emissions in vehicles employing a three-way catalytic converter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crank-Angle Resolved Flow Measurements in the Intake Duct of a Research Engine Using Novel and Fast Response Aerodynamic Probes

et al. 2021

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Despite the public debate nowadays on the future of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE), which is impeding their development, one limitation towards further optimization of ICE in terms of fuel consumption and emissions can be seen in the current approach and more specifically in the transient engine operation and its control. The main drawbacks in the current approach source from: 1) complex structure of mechanization including sensors and actuators, 2) low time resolution and accuracy of sensing (cost driven), 3) complex Electronic Control Unit (ECU)-software architecture associated with huge calibration effort and 4) recently, funded research due to unsecure business model of ICE is becoming less. To overcome these difficulties unexploited potential should be utilized. Some of this potential lies in cycle-by-cycle and cylinder-by-cylinder accurate fuel and air control, and in the development of physical based virtual sensors with high time resolution and accuracy. One of the main motivations for this study was to develop a measurement technique that enables crank-angle resolved air mass flow rate measurements during engine operation in a dynamometer test cell. The measurement principle is quite simple and is based on gauging the dynamic pressure in both the intake and exhaust duct at the closest possible positions to the valves. To fulfill these requirements aerodynamic probes have been developed and manufactured utilizing 3D printing. The probes have been integrated in special developed flanges, which correspond exactly to the shape of the air channels in the cylinder head of the engine. Hence, they can be mounted either in front of the valves at the intake or behind the valves at the exhaust duct. Results at different engine operating conditions have been obtained, analyzed and correlated to other sensors like air-flow meter. Those post-processed results can be further used to validate 1-D gas exchange models, or 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) port flow models. The ultimate scope of these measurements is to calibrate fast physical-based gas exchange models that can be directly used in the engine control framework on an embedded system.

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Unsteady Multi-hole Probe Measurements of the Near Wake of a Circular Cylinder at Sub-critical Reynolds Numbers

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Design, steady performance and wake characterization of a scaled wind turbine with pitch, torque and yaw actuation

Design, steady performance and wake characterization of a scaled wind turbine with pitch, torque and yaw actuation

Design, performance and wake characterization of a scaled wind turbine with closed-loop controls

Crank-Angle Resolved Flow Measurements in the Intake Duct of a Research Engine Using Novel and Fast Response Aerodynamic Probes

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