Urban heat island and differences in outdoor comfort levels in Glasgow, UK

Krüger, Eduardo Leite; Drach, Patricia; Emmanuel, Rohinton; Corbella, O. D.

doi:10.1007/s00704-012-0724-9

Cited by 93 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For example, an asphalt versus concrete surface will result in differing total available energy, sensible heat and latent heat fluxes, and thus air temperatures, all of which influence thermal, radiant, and moisture properties of microclimates within a city (Oke et al 1992). These microclimate variations can significantly affect the thermal comfort of humans through changes in convective and evaporative heat fluxes, and the amount of radiation absorbed by a human (Brown and Gillespie 1986;Krüger et al 2013;). An understanding of these properties at a fine scale within complex urban areas is critical information to implement spatially congruent urban adaptation measures to direct UHI mitigation actions (Solís et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of surface type on the absorbed radiation by a human under hot, dry conditions

Hardin

Vanos

2017

Int J Biometeorol

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Given the predominant use of heat-retaining materials in urban areas, numerous studies have addressed the urban heat island mitigation potential of various "cool" options, such as vegetation and high-albedo surfaces. The influence of altered radiational properties of such surfaces affects not only the air temperature within a microclimate, but more importantly the interactions of long-and shortwave radiation fluxes with the human body. Minimal studies have assessed how cool surfaces affect thermal comfort via changes in absorbed radiation by a human (R abs ) using real-world, rather than modeled, urban field data. The purpose of the current study is to assess the changes in the absorbed radiation by a human-a critical component of human energy budget models-based on surface type on hot summer days (air temperatures >38.5 • C). Field tests were conducted using a high-end microclimate station under predominantly clear sky conditions over ten surfaces with higher sky view factors in Lubbock, Texas. Three methods were used to measure and estimate R abs : a cylindrical radiation thermometer (CRT), a net radiometer, and a theoretical estimation model. Results over dry surfaces suggest that the use of high-albedo surfaces to reduce overall urban heat gain may not improve acute human thermal comfort in clear conditions due to increased reflected radiation. Further, the use of low-cost instrumentation, such as the CRT, shows potential in quantifying radiative heat loads within urban areas at temporal scales of 5-10 min or greater, yet further research is needed. Fine-scale radiative information in urban areas can aid in the decision-making process for urban heat mitigation using non-vegetated urban surfaces, with surface type choice is dependent on the need for short-term thermal comfort, or reducing cumulative heat gain to the urban fabric.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of surface type on the absorbed radiation by a human under hot, dry conditions

Hardin

Vanos

2017

Int J Biometeorol

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“…In particular, four main groups of studies may be identified. The first group involves articles investigating the spatial distribution of the thermal comfort conditions in a city trying to identify the impact of the local urban heat island [71,74], the second group includes articles evaluating the temporal variation of thermal comfort in a place because of the inter annual urban warming [70], the third group contains works reporting thermal comfort conditions during extreme weather conditions [75], while the last group covers studies investigating the future thermal comfort conditions in specific places because of the global warming [72,73].…”

Section: The Impact Of Urban Warming On Outdoor and Indoor Thermal Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher urban ambient temperatures increase discomfort conditions mainly during the summer period and have a serious impact on the physiological conditions of human beings both outdoors and indoors. Several studies have attempted to evaluate the specific impact of urban warming and the heat island on outdoor thermal comfort [70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78]. Existing investigations approach the subject from different perspectives.…”

Section: The Impact Of Urban Warming On Outdoor and Indoor Thermal Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating the damaged thermostat of the cities—Status, impacts and mitigation challenges

Santamouris

2015

Energy and Buildings

200

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“…The urban heat island (UHI), as an indicator of urban climate modification, has been investigated extensively since it was first time documented by Luke Howard in 1818. The UHI phenomenon has been identified and recorded for most of the major cities in the world [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Evidence of the negative influences of UHI on energy consumption, air pollution, and public health began to accumulate decades ago.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review

et al. 2017

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This paper presents a literature review on urban design indicators addressing the impact of urban geometry and vegetation on the outdoor thermal environment at the pedestrian level, as urban geometry and vegetation have been regarded as the most influential urban design factors that affect outdoor microclimate. The thermal balance concept is first introduced to elaborate how each component of energy fluxes is affected by the urban built environment, which helps to explore the underlying thermophysical mechanisms of how urban design modifies the outdoor thermal environment. The literature on numerous urban design descriptors addressing urban geometric characteristics is categorized into five groups in this paper according to the design features that the parameters entail, including land use intensity, building form, canyon geometry, space enclosure and descriptive characteristics. The literature on urban vegetation descriptors is reviewed together, followed by the combined effect of urban geometry and vegetation. This paper identifies a series of important urban design parameters and shows that the impact of design parameters on thermal environment varies with time, season, local climate and urban contexts. Contradictory impacts often occur between daytime and nighttime, or different seasons, which requests trade-offs to be achieved when proposing design strategies.

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Urban heat island and differences in outdoor comfort levels in Glasgow, UK

Cited by 93 publications

References 23 publications

The influence of surface type on the absorbed radiation by a human under hot, dry conditions

The influence of surface type on the absorbed radiation by a human under hot, dry conditions

Regulating the damaged thermostat of the cities—Status, impacts and mitigation challenges

The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review

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