Urinary DAP metabolite levels in Thai farmers and their families and exposure to pesticides from agricultural pesticide spraying: Figure 1

Hanchenlaksh, Chalalai; Povey, Andrew C.; O’Brien, Sarah J.; Vocht, Frank de

doi:10.1136/oem.2010.060897

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…31 Geometric mean DMP concentrations for these Japanese apple farmworkers were 33.1 µg/g creatinine in the summer and 10.8 µg/g creatinine in the winter, with DEP levels being 4.2 µg/g creatinine in the summer and 4.7 µg/g creatinine in the winter. On the other hand, Hanchenlaksh et al 33 found that the geometric mean for total urinary DAP concentrations of Thai vegetable farmers was 51.1 µg/g creatinine and 122.2 µg/g creatinine for fruit farmers, compared to 71.9 µg/g creatinine (2012) and 157.51 µg/g creatinine (2013) for US farmworkers in the current study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…29–33 For example, for samples collected from Mexican floriculture workers in the 2004–2005 rainy season, Lacasaña et al 29 found about the same percents of detection for each of the DAP metabolites compared to the NC farmworkers who participated in this study; percent of detection of the metabolites for samples collected by Lacasaña et al during the dry season were substantially lower than those found for the NC farmworkers. However, Lacasaña et al 29 report greater geometric means for the DAP metabolites for the Mexican workers than those of the NC farmworkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…26–28 Research on OP exposure using the six dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary metabolites of OP pesticides has been conducted in several non-US agricultural populations, including Mexico, 29 France, 12 Greece, 30 Japan, 31 and Thailand. 32,33 Results from these analyses show a great range in metabolite levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organophosphate Pesticide Urinary Metabolites Among Latino Immigrants

Arcury

Laurienti

Chen

et al. 2016

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

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Background This analysis documents detections and concentrations of the six dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary metabolite of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides among North Carolina Latino migrant farmworkers, with comparison to non-farmworker Latino immigrants. Methods Participants provided up to 4 urine samples during the 2012 and 2013 agricultural seasons. Composite urine samples for each year were analyzed. Results DAP urinary metabolite detections were similar in farmworkers and non-farmworker; e.g., for 2012, 75.4% of farmworkers and 67.4% of non-farmworkers and, for 2013, 89.3% of farmworkers and 89.7% of non-farmworkers had dimethylthiophosphate detections. DAP geometric mean concentrations were high; e.g., dimethylphosphate concentrations among farmworkers were 11.39 µg/g creatinine for 2012 and 4.49 µg/g creatinine for 2013, while they were 10.49 µg/g creatinine for 2012 and 1.97 µg/g creatinine for 2013 for non-farmworkers Conclusions Research to reduce pesticide exposure among Latino farmworkers and non-farmworkers is needed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Organophosphate Pesticide Urinary Metabolites Among Latino Immigrants

Arcury

Laurienti

Chen

et al. 2016

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

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“…The DAP concentrations found in our study were also higher than the concentrations found in children living in vegetable and fruit farming communities in Nakhon-ratchasima Province, northeastern Thailand. [15] Concentrations of TCPy in school- aged children residing on vegetable, fruit, and ornamental farms in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand [12] were lower than the concentrations detected in our rice and aquacultural farming participants, even though the same methods were used for both studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Although there have been several biological monitoring studies among children in Thailand, only a few studies have explored factors predicting levels of OP exposure in children; therefore, this was an important element of our study. [15] This study aims to enhance the understanding of the relation between children's environment and activities with urinary OP metabolite levels in children living in rice farming communities in Central Thailand where OP use, especially chlorpyrifos, is high and year round.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure in School-Aged Children Living in Rice and Aquacultural Farming Regions of Thailand

Rohitrattana

Siriwong

Tunsaringkarn

et al. 2014

Journal of Agromedicine

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Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are widely used in agricultural sectors in Thailand. Previous studies have documented that children residing in agricultural areas have higher exposure to OPs than children living in other residential areas. The objective of this study was to quantify urinary biomarkers of OP exposure and determine the environmental conditions and activities that predict their levels among children living in Central Thailand farming regions. In October 2011, 53 6–8-year-old participants were recruited from Pathum Thani Province, Thailand. Twenty-four lived in rice farming communities at Khlong Luang District where OPs are the pesticides used frequently. Twenty-nine participants, living in aquacultural farming communities at Lum Luk Ka District where OPs are not used, were recruited to serve as controls for pathways of exposure (e.g., residential, dietary) other than occupational/paraoccupational exposures encountered in rice farming. Household environments and participants’ activities were assessed using a parental structured interview. Urine samples (first morning voids) were collected from participants for OP urinary metabolite (i.e., dialkylphosphates [DAPs] and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol [TCPy]) measurements. The levels of most urinary OP metabolites were significantly higher in participants who lived in a rice farming community than those who lived in an aquacultural farming community (P < .05). The results from linear regression analysis revealed that the frequency of OP application on rice farms (}.DAP: P = .001; TCPy: P = .001) and living in a rice farming community (}.DAP: P = .009; TCPy: P < .001) were significant predictors of urinary DAP metabolite levels in participants. Increasing TCPy levels were significantly related to proximity to rice farm (P = .03), being with parent while working on a farm (P = .02), playing on a farm (P = .03), and the presence of observable dirt accumulated on the child's body (P = .02). In conclusion, OP metabolite levels among children who live in rice farming communities were strongly influenced by farming activity, household environments, and child behaviors, suggesting that these are the primary pathways in which children living in these agricultural communities in Thailand were exposed to OPs.

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