Use of Plackett–Burman design for rapid screening of several nitrogen sources, growth/product promoters, minerals and enzyme inducers for the production of alpha-galactosidase by Aspergillus niger MRSS 234 in solid state fermentation system

Production of thermostable β-amylase and pullulanase by Clostridium thermosulfurogenes SV2 in solid-state fermentation: Screening of nutrients using Plackett-Burman design

“…Disaccharide sugars and corn steep liquor were prepared as 10X solutions and separately autoclaved at 10 lbs for 10 min. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate was sterilized in dry form by exposing to germicidal UV light (Philips, 30 Watts, 2733 A) for 30 min [20]. Just before inoculations, a 2% (v/w) of 2.5% (w/v) Na 2 S solution was added to the medium to further maintain the reduced conditions.…”

“…Corn steep liquor was found to have highest positive effect on both the enzymes yield. The positive effect of corn steep liquor on the growth and enzymes production could be due to the presence of growth factors in it [20]. Swamy & Seenayya [11] reported that corn steep liquor in combination with yeast extract was the best nitrogen source for thermostable a-amylase and pullulanase production in SmF by C. thermosulfurogenes SV9.…”

“…Earlier, the SSF has been employed for the production of thermostable a-amylase by Bacillus licheniformis [33, [23], alpha-galactosidase [20], tannin acyl hydrolase [36] and pectinase [37] by Aspergillus niger and L-glutaminase by Vibrio costicola [38]. The enzyme yields in SSF, in general, are reported to be many folds more than in the SmF [16,20,23].…”

“…The methodologies used for screening the nutrients fall into two major categories; classical and statistical [19]. The statistical methodologies are preferred because of various advantages in their use in terms of rapid and reliable short-listing of nutrients, understanding the interactions among the nutrients at varying concentrations and a tremendous reduction in total number of experiments resulting in saving of time, glassware, chemicals and manpower [20,21]. Plackett-Burman design is a statistical methodology that is used for screening of up to`nA1' variables in just`n' number of experiments.…”

“…In this design, generally a multiple of four, i.e., 4,8,12,16,20, F F F, 4n, experiments are required to screen 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, F F F, 4nA1, components, respectively, where`n' is an integer. In spite of the above advantages, the statistical designs are applied to a limited number of submerged fermentation processes [22], aerobic SSF processes [20,23] and never attempted earlier in anaerobic submerged or SSF processes. In the present study, we report the screening of nutrients using Plackett-Burman design for the production of thermostable b-amylase and pullulanase by C. thermosulfurogenes SV2 in SSF.…”