Uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual por idosos: estudo SABE - saúde, bem- estar e envelhecimento

Abstract

Purpose: Describe hearing aid use by the elderly population in the city of São Paulo and identify associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study integrated with the SABE (health, wellbeing and aging) project developed in 2006. A total of 1.115 individuals aged 65 or over were interviewed. Sample selection occurred in two stages, with replacement and probabilities proportional to the population to complement those aged 75 or over. Structured questionnaires and validated instruments were used. The data were weighted, the Rao-Scott test was used for univariate analysis and backward stepwise logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis, performed on Stata 10 ® software. Results: Three hundred and seventy-seven subjects (30.4%) were classified as hearing impaired and 10.1% of these reported using hearing aids. To acquire the devices, 78.8% used their own resources and 16.9% acquired them through the Brazilian public health system (SUS). Among non-users of hearing aids, 16.6% reported prior indication; however, 8.6% were unable to adapt to the device and 8.0% could not afford to acquire one. Hearing aid use was associated with lower prevalence of probable dementia. Conclusion: The low number of hearing aid users indicates the difficulties elderly people face in acquiring them and/or that the health services face in effectively helping them to adapt. These findings may influence the quality of life of elderly with hearing impairment, given the association with probable dementia revealed by this study.Keywords: Aging; Dementia; Hearing aids; Hearing loss; Morbidity surveys RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o uso do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) pela população idosa do município de São Paulo e fatores associados. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo, integrante do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento), desenvolvido no ano de 2006. Foram entrevistados 1115 sujeitos com 65 anos ou mais. A amostra foi obtida de setores censitários em dois estágios, com reposição e probabilidade proporcional à população, complementando-se para acima de 75 anos. Utilizou-se questionário estruturado e instrumentos validados. Os dados foram ponderados e a análise foi realizada no software Stata 10®, através do teste de Rao-Scott para análise univariada e regressão logística tipo stepwise backward para análise multivariada. Resultados: Trezentos e setenta e sete sujeitos (30,4%) apresentaram deficiência auditiva autorreferida e destes, 10,1% declararam utilizar o AASI. Dentre as formas de aquisição do dispositivo, 78,8% utilizaram recursos particulares e 16,9% adquiriram via Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Dentre os não protetizados, 16,6% relataram indicação prévia. Entretanto, 8,6% não se acostumaram e 8,0% não adquiriram, por problemas financeiros. O uso do AASI associou-se à menor prevalência de provável demência. Conclusão: O baixo número de usuários de AASI indica dificuldades dos idosos em adquiri-lo e/ou dos serviços de saúde em adaptá-los de forma ...

Peripheral and central auditory assessment in among the elderly

“…These findings agree with previous studies, 11,17,20 which reported lower thresholds of hearing, especially at high frequencies, for men. Factors such as high blood pressure, smoking and exposure to noise contributes to the worsening of hearing with age.…”

“…Due to sensory deprivation, the individual becomes unable to communicate properly with others, causing frustration and leading to a deterioration in quality of life. [10][11][12] The psychological and social damage (participation restrictions) arising from hearing loss is described as a handicap. 13,14 The evaluation of the impact of hearing loss on emotional and social aspects can be accomplished through the application of self-assessment questionnaires.…”

Association between self-reported hearing impairment and diabetes: a Brazilian population-based study

“…In a research of Cruz et al [30] performed with the elderly, 89.9% of the participants who self-referred hearing loss have not made use of a hearing aid and 10.1% ( n  = 45) have used it. When asked why they have not used the hearing aid, 8.6% said that although indicated, they had not got used to it and 8.0% had not acquired it because of financial problems.…”

Autopercepção de saúde de usuários da Rede de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva

“…Outro estudo 29 demonstra que a reabilitação auditiva propicia otimização de medidas cognitivas globais. O desenvolvimento da habilidade de atenção auditiva contribui para a diminuição do isolamento social e da dificuldade comunicativa e, portanto, para a melhora da qualidade de vida.…”