2021
DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00249-6
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Vaccination of older adults: Influenza, pneumococcal disease, herpes zoster, COVID-19 and beyond

Abstract: Preserving good health in old age is of utmost importance to alleviate societal, economic and health care-related challenges caused by an aging society. The prevalence and severity of many infectious diseases is higher in older adults, and in addition to the acute disease, long-term sequelae, such as exacerbation of underlying chronic disease, onset of frailty or increased long-term care dependency, are frequent. Prevention of infections e.g. by vaccination is therefore an important measure to ensure healthy a… Show more

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Cited by 26 publications
(24 citation statements)
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References 199 publications
(147 reference statements)
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“…Further studies are needed to better characterize the effect of age on naïve and amnestic vaccine challenge and when needed, assist in the development of optimal vaccination protocol for geriatric horses. For the infrequent infectious agents where age appears to be a risk factor for more severe disease (West Nile Virus, EHV-1), of particular interest would be evaluating the use of adjuvants and high antigen dose, similar to those described for improving vaccination response in aged human patients [106], to improve vaccine efficacy in geriatric horses.…”
Section: Vaccine Responsivenessmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further studies are needed to better characterize the effect of age on naïve and amnestic vaccine challenge and when needed, assist in the development of optimal vaccination protocol for geriatric horses. For the infrequent infectious agents where age appears to be a risk factor for more severe disease (West Nile Virus, EHV-1), of particular interest would be evaluating the use of adjuvants and high antigen dose, similar to those described for improving vaccination response in aged human patients [106], to improve vaccine efficacy in geriatric horses.…”
Section: Vaccine Responsivenessmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Available reports suggest that the results of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategy may be suboptimal in some groups of subjects worldwide, and that the use of this measure may not lead to an effective immunization against this pathogen in these individuals [88] . The following general and clinical characteristics may have an important impact on the development of an effective antiviral immune response after the administration of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients exhibiting these features: i) older age [89] , ii) malignant chronic diseases (i.e., tumors) [90] , iii) non-malignant chronic diseases [91] , [92] and iv) organ transplantation [93] ; they are all clinical conditions that significantly decrease the efficacy of vaccination [94] .…”
Section: Possible Causes Of An Eventual Suboptimal Response To Vaccin...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite some uncertainties, there is consensus that standard vaccines against some pathogens are less immunogenic and efficient in older versus younger adults, and that elderly subjects generally exhibit a reduced response to these prophylactic measures in the real world. Therefore, vaccination coverage is not yet satisfactory for some of these vaccines [89] . For instance, a recent meta-analysis has investigated the immunogenicity of the influenza vaccine in elderly people and its association with the real world.…”
Section: Possible Causes Of An Eventual Suboptimal Response To Vaccin...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Vaccine-preventable illnesses—such as influenza—are more likely to cause serious consequences in older people. Therefore, influenza is one of the most critical global public health challenges; it is regarded as a major contributor to and one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, particularly among older people [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%