Validated formulae for estimation of whole blood viscosity underestimate the influence of erythrocyte aggregation and deformability

Weidman, Joseph J; Sloop, Gregory D.; Cyr, John A. St.

doi:10.1177/1753944716642676

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Testing for blood viscosity is usually available only from reference laboratories. Testing for plasma viscosity is available more widely but is of limited utility as it does not detect the contribution of hematocrit or abnormal erythrocyte aggregability and deformability [38]. Serum viscosity testing is the most useful method for detecting hypergammaglobulinemia and an increased protein concentration due to volume contraction.…”

Section: Review the Association Of Infection With Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Blood Viscosity in Infectious Diseases

Sloop¹,

Mast²,

Pop³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Blood viscosity is increased by elevated concentrations of acute phase reactants and hypergammaglobulinemia in inflammation. These increase blood viscosity by increasing plasma viscosity and fostering erythrocyte aggregation. Blood viscosity is also increased by decreased erythrocyte deformability, as occurs in malaria. Increased blood viscosity contributes to the association of acute infections with myocardial infarction (MI), venous thrombosis, and venous thromboembolism. It also increases vascular resistance, which decreases tissue perfusion and activates stretch receptors in the left ventricle, thereby initiating the systemic vascular resistance response. This compensates for the increased vascular resistance by vasodilation, lowering hematocrit, and decreasing intravascular volume. This physiological response causes the anemias associated with malaria, chronic inflammation, and other chronic diseases. Since tissue perfusion is inversely proportional to blood viscosity, anemia may be beneficial as it increases tissue perfusion when erythrocyte aggregating factors or erythrocytes with decreased deformability are present in the blood.

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Section: Review the Association Of Infection With Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Blood Viscosity in Infectious Diseases

Sloop¹,

Mast²,

Pop³

et al. 2020

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Total protein plus hematocrit could be a good surrogate for blood viscosity. Actually, real whole blood viscosity might had more impact on TG clearance since WBV was underestimated . The association between estimated WBV and TG clearance rate remained conclusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Blood viscosity measured by viscometer might be necessary. Despite hematocrit and total protein‐based blood viscosity formulae had be validated and hematocrit was the key factor, the influence of erythrocyte aggregation and deformity might be underestimated . Although HDL, fibrinogen, TG may contribute to blood viscosity, their contribution and correlation to blood viscosity were minimal (Pearson's correlation coefficients <0.1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmapheresis for hypertriglyceridemia: The association between blood viscosity and triglyceride clearance rate

Lee

Wang

2018

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Objectives Several factors in double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) were associated with triglyceride (TG) clearance rate. This study examines whether baseline whole blood viscosity was a predictor for efficient TG removal. Methods Adult subjects who receiving DFPP for hyperlipidemia in Taoyuan General Hospital from January 2015 to March 2018 were classified into efficient and inefficient TG removal according to TG removal rate ≥50% vs <50%. TG removal rate was defined as following formula: (pre‐apheresis TG‐ post‐apheresis TG)/pre‐apheresis TG. Whole blood viscosity (WBV) was estimated by following equation: WBV = 0.12 × hematocrit +0.17 × (total protein −2.07). Univariate linear regression was used to assess the association between TG removal rate and WBV. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for associations between variables and efficient TG removal were evaluated by logistic regression model to including univariate and multivariate adjustment. Results From a total of 66 subjects receiving DFPP, 37 subjects reached efficient TG removal. The difference in pre‐apheresis TG levels, hematocrit, and WBV between efficient vs. inefficient TG removal groups was 4.1 vs 6.7 mmol/L; 43.1% vs 39.5%; and 6.0cP vs 5.cP (Ps <0.05). After multivariate adjustment, WBC was a significant predictor for efficient TG removal (ORs and 95% CI were 3.192 (1.300‐7.838), P < 0.05). The correlation between WBV and extraction of TG was significant (r = −0.255, P = 0.039). Conclusion Hyperviscosity reduced the efficiency of TG removal in those receiving DFPP.

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“…At low shear rates, more significant increases in BV are observed, indicating that erythrocyte aggregation and deformability are the main contributors to BV in people with cerebrovascular disease 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, when adapting formulas correlate them with BV, clinical conditions become strongly influenced by these factors. However, formulas based on hematocrit and plasma protein concentrations underestimate the impact of erythrocyte aggregation and deformability 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization for obtaining blood viscosity: A systematic review

Arruda

Silva

Galduróz

et al. 2021

European J of Haematology

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Introduction There is evidence to suggest that blood viscosity (BV) is involved in several pathological processes. In this review, we evaluated the different methods of BV acquisition, analyzing the sample storage time, the storage temperature, the acquisition time, the acquisition temperature, sample volume, and shear rates, in order to standardize this technique. Methods We selected 50 articles with methods of obtaining BV, evaluating pathologies through BV, comparing rheological equipment, monitoring, and regulating BV. Results and conclusion Measurements should be obtained as soon as possible, to reduce hemorheological changes. It is necessary to refrigerate them at 4°C when the storage time is long. The acquisition time is related to the equipment used. BV measurements at 37°C will represent the real BV in vivo more faithfully. In order to understand the BV phenomena, the shear rates must be between 0.1 and 1000 s‐1. There is a wide variety of equipment available for measuring the BV.

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Validated formulae for estimation of whole blood viscosity underestimate the influence of erythrocyte aggregation and deformability

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

The Role of Blood Viscosity in Infectious Diseases

The Role of Blood Viscosity in Infectious Diseases

Plasmapheresis for hypertriglyceridemia: The association between blood viscosity and triglyceride clearance rate

Standardization for obtaining blood viscosity: A systematic review

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