Validity and Reliability of an Instrument for Assessing Self-Care Behaviours in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Binjai City, Indonesia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Self-care behaviour becomes very important for diabetic patients; good self-care behaviour will prevent complications and improving the quality of life.
 AIM: The aim of this study was to provide a preliminary assessment of the validity and reliability of a new measure of self-care behaviour of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.
 METHODS: The research was a cross-sectional study. The study population was T2DM patients from Primary Health Centers (PHC) in Binjai City, Indonesia. Sample determination using a single simple formula for the hypothesis of one population with calculation is 115 patients; sampling was done by convenience sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Research questionnaire Self-care behaviour of T2DM patients was forming by knowledge, attitudes, communication, family support, financing, motivation, and self-efficacy. Each of the predictors forms self-care behaviour and finally, the instrument consists of 28 questions. The data analysis techniques were Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) tests with Structural Equation Models (SEM) with AMOS aids.
 RESULTS: Based on the results of the confirmatory analysis proved that the instrument is valid and reliable, the measure the self-care behaviour of T2DM.
 CONCLUSION: The new instrument for assessing self-care behaviour of T2DM patients is valid and reliable, besides being able to assess self-care behaviour, they can also know the components that make up self-care.

The Effect of Health Education on Control Glycemic at Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

“…Furthermore, the other research about analysis of factors affecting the selfcare behaviors of diabetes mellitus type 2 patients in Binjai, North Sumatera -Indonesia showed that selfcare behaviors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Binjai are significantly influenced by motivation, self -efficacy, communication, knowledge, and attitude [22], [23]. The other research about the effect of education at type 2 diabetes mellitus from a local Chinese nonprofit-making organization for diabetic showed that the education effect, even though in low intensity, significantly improved glycemic and body weight control in patients with type 2 diabetes [24]. Many researches have done about giving the education for type 2 diabetes mellitus and always finding the significantly results at control glycemic, Hba1c, or FBS [25].…”

Relationship between self-efficacy with self-management and quality of life among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A systematic review

“…It was further explained that self-efficacy correlates with diabetes self-management by reducing the risk of complications, improving foot care, and developing eating patterns or diet plans (28). Some of these explanations are reinforced by the statement that self-efficacy contributes to a better understanding of changing health behaviours by increasing knowledge, behaviour, and skills (29). Furthermore, self-efficacy plays an essential role in improving self-care behaviour and is influenced by knowledge and the duration of DM (30).…”

Religion, support and self‐care experiences: A qualitative descriptive study with Indonesian adults with the chronic disease living in Montreal, Canada

“…About support, the literature showed that the family, especially women, tend to play a fundamental role in supporting ill family members (Amelia et al, 2018; Dewi et al, 2010; Hatthakit & Thaniwatthananon, 2019; Kristianingrum et al, 2018; Ligita et al, 2019; Mizutani et al, 2016; Rahmawati & Bajorek, 2018). Family may provide physical and emotional assistance, or alternatively, may steer family members away from healthy behaviours.…”