“…As previously mentioned, genes have been implicated in the levels of oxidative stress, lipids, CVD risk, immune reactivity, and performance [12,15,18,20,22,23,34,36,42,45,55,62,68,69,78,85,95,147]. Although it is difficult for any study to control all the involved variables, the following were controlled in this study: (1) only trained sportsmen were included; (2) the athletes could choose the distance that they would cover, according to the type, intensity and length of weekly training, guaranteeing no additional physical stress beyond what they are accustomed to; (3) the volunteers were grouped for distance chosen, so that the same route was covered in both races inside the same time for each group of athletes, guaranteeing also the same intensity (time needed to finish the races); (4) although the athletes had a variable degree of training intensity, the amount of training per week was similar (in number of days and hours of training); (5) the volunteers ran the same distance in both races in the same sample time interval and under the same environmental conditions; consequently, the same plasma expansion would be expected in both races; (6) the only change in the athletes' routine between the two races was the supplementation with pequi oil; (7) for the analyzed parameters, differences between sexes are not considered for clinical purposes [46,67,137]; (8) for the lipid profile, differences between age groups (up to and from 19 years old) are only clinically considered in fasting [46]; we, however, worked with postprandial lipid profile, and the sample size of this age group was only 20 individuals, which we consider too small to influence the overall result, mainly because there was no correlation between age groups and the analyzed genetic markers.…”