Working together to eradicate BVD in Scotland

Voas, Sheila

doi:10.1136/vr.e1777

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The exact parameters and data sources from which the values of these parameters were derived are presented in Appendix Table A1. The model was validated based on the results of BVDV surveys in the Netherlands in 2010, 2012(Brouwer-Middelesch, 2010, 2012Veldhuis et al, 7701 2014). Parameters for which no data were available were estimated based on literature or by means of expert opinion (M. H. Mars, L. van Duijn, A. Moen and K. Verhoeff; GD Animal Health, Deventer the Netherlands).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model was validated using prevalence data from 2008 and 2009 as input for the model and by comparing the model output for the prevalence in 2010, 2012, and 2014 with real outcomes of surveys in the Netherlands in those years (Brouwer-Middelesch et al, 2010, 2012Veldhuis et al, 2014). When comparing the model outcomes with the results of the surveys, it was taken into account that the prevalence simulated by the model should be slightly higher than the result of the prevalence studies.…”

Section: Validation Of the Model And Sensitivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of this great economic importance, several European countries decided to implement BVDV eradication programs. At this moment, the Scandinavian countries are free of BVDV (Houe, 2005) and control or eradication programs are in place in Austria, Switzerland, Germany, Ireland, Scotland, France, and parts of Italy Meier et al, 2010;Barrett et al, 2011;Presi et al, 2011;Stott et al, 2012;Tavella et al, 2012;Voas, 2012). In the Netherlands, BVD is considered one of the most important endemic diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the epidemiological and economic consequences of control scenarios for bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds

Santman-Berends

Mars

Duijn

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important endemic infection. However, no information was available on whether it would be economically beneficial to implement a national control program in the Netherlands. Therefore, a stochastic simulation model was developed in which control scenarios were added to compare the epidemiological and economic consequences of BVDV control in Dutch dairy herds in the next 10 yr. In the epidemiological part of the model, herds could be classified as susceptible, infectious, recovered, or vaccinated. The outputs of the epidemiological module served as input for the economic module. Net costs that could be attributed to bovine viral diarrhea consisted of production losses, costs for testing, and culling persistently infected cattle in the present voluntary Dutch BVDV control program and costs for vaccination. Four different control scenarios were simulated, involving testing and culling of persistently infected (based on serum or ear-notch testing), and monitoring BVDV statuses and vaccination and were derived from BVDV control programs that are currently executed in Europe. The costs and benefits of BVDV control in the current situation and in each of the simulated control scenarios were evaluated assuming an annual discount rate of 2%. The model estimated a mean BVDV herd prevalence of 18.0% in 2014 and showed a slightly decreasing prevalence over time. The outputs seemed realistic for the present situation in the Netherlands when compared with actual survey data. The average annual net costs associated with bovine viral diarrhea were estimated at €27.8 million for the dairy industry. Two control scenarios were beneficial in controlling BVDV during the study period (between 2015 and 2025). In the scenario where tracing and removing of PI animals and monitoring of the subsequent status was obligatory, the benefit to cost (B/C) ratio was 1.5 (€1.5 benefit for each invested euro). In the scenario in which the BVDV status of all herds was determined, followed by voluntary measures before control measures became obligatory, the B/C ratio was 1.1. The B/C ratio of the scenarios included could be even higher when it was assumed that nondairy herds participated in the control program as well. The model provided the opportunity to compare the effect of voluntary and mandatory control scenarios on the BVDV prevalence and costs and benefits relative to the current situation in the Netherlands. The model was used to support policy makers in their decisions about a BVDV control program.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validation Of the Model And Sensitivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the epidemiological and economic consequences of control scenarios for bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds

Santman-Berends

Mars

Duijn

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The dairy sector in the UK is the third largest milk producer in the EU and the tenth largest in Scotland where the Scottish Government introduced a mandatory scheme to eradicate bovine 79 viral diarrhoea (BVD) (Voas, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring expert opinion on the practicality and effectiveness of biosecurity measures on dairy farms in the United Kingdom using choice modeling

Shortall

Green

Wapenaar

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The most common route of BVDV transmission is direct contact between animals and this risk should be closely evaluated (Barrett et al., ; Sandvik, ; Stahl et al., ; Helal and Okamatsu, ; Tinsley et al., ). Because PI animals play a substantially larger role in BVDV transmission than TI cattle (Lindberg and Houe, ), there is a serious risk of giving BVDV to a BVDV‐free herd by over‐the‐fence pasture contact with an infected herd; thus, BVDV will continue to circulate and the costs in terms of biosecurity and breakdowns will continue to fall on those who have done their best to control BVDV (Voas, ). Virus may also be introduced from other farms at any stage, usually by contact with PI animals across a boundary fence (Stott et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) in Dairy Cattle: A Matched Case-Control Study

Machado

Egocheaga

Hein

et al. 2014

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) causes one of the most important diseases of cattle in terms of economic costs and welfare. The aims were to estimate herd prevalence and to investigate the factors associated with antibodies in bulk tank milk (BTM) in dairy herds through a matched case-control study. To estimate herd prevalence, BTM samples were randomly selected (n = 314) from a population (N = 1604). The true prevalence of BVDV was 24.3% (CI 95% = 20.1-29.3%). For the case-control study, BVDV antibody-positive herds (high antibody titres) were classified as cases (n = 21) and matched (n = 63) by milk production with herds presenting low antibody titres (ratio of 1 : 3). Three multivariable models were built: 1) full model, holding all 21 variables, and two models divided according to empirical knowledge and similarity among variables; 2) animal factor model; and 3) biosecurity model. The full model (model 1) identified: age as a culling criteria (OR = 0.10; CI 95% = 0.02-0.39; P < 0.01); farms that provided milk to other industries previously (OR = 4.13; CI 95% = 1.17-14.49; P = 0.02); and isolation paddocks for ill animals (OR = 0.14; CI 95% = 0.01-0.26; P = 0.02). The biosecurity model revealed a significant association with the use of natural mating (OR = 9.03; CI 95% = 2.14-38.03; P < 0.01); isolation paddocks for ill animals (OR = 0.06; CI 95% = 0.05-0.83; P = 0.03); years providing milk for the same industry (OR = 0.94; CI 95% = 0.91-0.97; P = 0.02); and direct contact over fences among cattle of neighbouring farms (OR = 5.78; CI 95% = 1.41-23.67; P = 0.04). We recommend the application of grouping predictors as a good choice for model building because it could lead to a better understanding of disease-exposure associations.

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Working together to eradicate BVD in Scotland

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the epidemiological and economic consequences of control scenarios for bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds

Evaluation of the epidemiological and economic consequences of control scenarios for bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds

Exploring expert opinion on the practicality and effectiveness of biosecurity measures on dairy farms in the United Kingdom using choice modeling

Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) in Dairy Cattle: A Matched Case-Control Study

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