Zinc oxide-centred deterioration in 20<sup>th</sup>century Vietnamese paintings by Nguyễ Trọng Kiệm (1933–1991)

Osmond, Gary; Ebert, Bettina; Drennan, John

doi:10.1179/bac.2014.34.1.002

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Broad COOM bands of similar or even higher intensity are routinely found in samples from paintings or paint models in literature. 2,4,21,22 For example, the broad COOM bands of three custom ZnO paints prepared in 1990 and a Windsor and Newton safflower oil zinc white paint lm from 1978 described by Osmond and co-workers 1 correspond to COOM/COOR ratios ranging from 0.42 up to 1.09 (see ESI for ATR-FTIR spectra †).…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of Broad Metal Carboxylate Bandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionomer-like structure in mature oil paint binding media

et al. 2016

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Section: Quantitative Analysis Of Broad Metal Carboxylate Bandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionomer-like structure in mature oil paint binding media

et al. 2016

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“…Having determined the chemical nature and origin of the grains with a blue and red signature, this still leaves the hydrozincite phase largely undiscussed. Although the finding of (basic) zinc carbonates in samples of zinc white is not entirely new, 1,10,46 their nomenclature is ambiguous and often inconsistent. 47 Here, for the first time, the dominant carbonate phase could be identified explicitly as hydrozincite.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Nanospectroscopy Reveals Binary Defect Populations in Sub-micrometric ZnO Crystallites

et al. 2020

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Besides its many applications in electronics, photonics, and catalysis, ZnO has also been extensively used as the pigment zinc white ever since its introduction in the first half of the 19th century. It is shown here that zinc whites (ZnO formed through zinc vapor oxidation) form a chemically binary system, with each of the sub-micrometric crystallites belonging to either of two distinct classes. The observation of the two classes is done based on X-ray absorption nanospectroscopy and was determined to be caused by differences in the populations of anisotropic crystal defects. A theoretical assessment of the vapor oxidation synthesis method is formulated that predicts that the binary distinction in crystal defect populations is caused by local variations in synthesis parameters. As the crystal defect population in ZnO has been shown to be related to its catalytic properties, these results provide fundamental insights on the link between the intrinsic properties of zinc white and its degradation issues in oil paint.

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“…BSE images of ZnO‐based painted layers, obtained by Osmond and co‐workers, were useful to assess zinc oxide particles: they observed not only that particles characterized by smaller and nodular form react before larger or acicular ones, but also that zinc oxide particles react more readily than lithopone (ZnS−BaSO 4 ), lead white and coloured pigments [36,41,68,86] . Moreover, the observations of BSE images show that the early‐stage saponification of zinc oxide is characterized by zinc‐based regions with poorly defined boundaries, relatively low pigment density and reduced atomic brightness.…”

Section: How To Detect Metal Soapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, they can compromise the mechanical proprieties of paintings through delamination, flaking and cleavage of the films [1,17,19,20,36–39] . Zinc soaps are considered quite dangerous and invasive for paintings and their nature and behaviour have received significant attention [17,40,41] . Nevertheless, it is not clear why delamination is caused [36] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on the Analysis of Metal Soaps in Oil Paintings

et al. 2021

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Up to 70 % of the oil paintings conserved in collections present metal soaps, which result from the chemical reaction between metal ions present in the painted layers and free fatty acids from the lipidic binders. In recent decades, conservators and conservation scientists have been systematically identifying various and frequent conservation problems that can be linked to the formation of metal soaps. It is also increasingly recognized that metal soap formation may not compromise the integrity of paint so there is a need for careful assessment of the implications of metal soaps for conservation. This review aims to critically assess scientific literature related to commonly adopted analytical techniques for the analysis of metal soaps in oil paintings. A comparison of different analytical methods is provided, highlighting advantages associated with each, as well as limitations identified through the analysis of reference materials and applications to the analysis of samples from historical paintings.

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Zinc oxide-centred deterioration in 20^thcentury Vietnamese paintings by Nguyễ Trọng Kiệm (1933–1991)

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Ionomer-like structure in mature oil paint binding media

Ionomer-like structure in mature oil paint binding media

X-ray Nanospectroscopy Reveals Binary Defect Populations in Sub-micrometric ZnO Crystallites

A Critical Review on the Analysis of Metal Soaps in Oil Paintings

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Zinc oxide-centred deterioration in 20thcentury Vietnamese paintings by Nguyễ Trọng Kiệm (1933–1991)

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Ionomer-like structure in mature oil paint binding media

Ionomer-like structure in mature oil paint binding media

X-ray Nanospectroscopy Reveals Binary Defect Populations in Sub-micrometric ZnO Crystallites

A Critical Review on the Analysis of Metal Soaps in Oil Paintings

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Zinc oxide-centred deterioration in 20^thcentury Vietnamese paintings by Nguyễ Trọng Kiệm (1933–1991)