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Meloidogyne spp., are recognize as the most economically important worldwide. It is difficult to control Meloidogyne spp., because they have wide range of hosts. Due to the high toxicity of chemical nematicides, it is necessary to develop new control strategies. Our previous research showed that some Bacillus spp. effective as biocontrol agents of plant pests and diseases. They have multifunction, such as plant growth promoter, phosphate dissolving bacteria, etc. The aim of this research was to obtain the selected Bacillus spp. to control Meloidogyne spp., to enhance growth and yield of tomato. The treatments were 8 strains of Bacillus spp., Carbofuran, Meloidogyne spp. inoculated tomato and control. The Bacillus spp. have inoculated as seed treatment and seedling treatment before transplanting. The Meloidogyne spp. have inoculated on 4 weeks tomato plants. The parameters were disease development, multiplication of Meloidogyne spp., growth and yield of tomato. The results showed that Bacillus spp. reduced the number of galls, egg masses, eggs per egg mass and nematode per 300 g soil compared to the inoculated control, but the nematicide treatments was more effective to control Meloidogyne spp. Conversely, three strains of Bacillus spp. showed to enhance the growth and yield of tomato than Carbofuran.

Indonesia is one of world’s top five coffee producers and exporters. Two species of coffee commonly grown are Arabica (Coffea Arabica L.) and Robusta (C. canephora var Robusta). However, a few farmers at highland (> 900 m above sea level) of South Sumatera and Bengkulu provinces were keep interested to grow Robusta instead of Arabica. Gradually, they develope new superior clones selected from adjacent seed-derived populations using top grafting technique. Surveys was aimed to identify promising farmer’s selected clones to release as new superior varieties adaptive to high elevation. There are four promising clones, namely Pandi, Rakimin, Pawi, and Jasli, could be clearly distinguished morphologically. The average yield ranging from 2.14 to 3.85 ton of marketable green coffee bean per ha, substantially higher compared to check variety of BP 358 (< 1 ton per ha). Cup quality of those promising clones were categorized as fine Robusta as total scores resulted from sensory/cupping test were higher than 80 (ranging from 81.25 to 83.00) with some spicy and nutty notes. Based on those characteristics, it was reasonable to propose those four promising clones to be released as new superior varieties adaptive to high elevation.

The Gayo Experimental Station (GES) germplasm has the most complete collection of Arabica coffee in the world. The utilization of these collections to search coffee berry borer (CBB) resistant lines has not been carried out. This study aimed to evaluate 17 germplasm lines/varieties of Arabica coffee in GES against CBB resistance. Observation of CBB infestation level in the field was conducted at GES, Bener Meriah, Aceh. Each line used 10 trees and randomly selected 4 branches. Then the number of CBB-infested and healthy cherries were counted. At harvest time, were taken from each line 100 cherries randomly. Parameters observed were cherry weight, discus diameters, and cherries infested. Genetical resistance tests carried out at the plant protection laboratory of IIBCRI, Sukabumi, West Java. The parameter observed was the number of cherries infested. The results showed that CBB infestation level in germplasm was very low, caused by environmental factors that are not suitable for CBB development. There was a positive correlation between cherry discus diameters and CBB infestation rate. The results of genetic resistance testing in the laboratory showed that all of the evaluated Gayo arabica coffee lines/varieties showed a lightly susceptible response to CBB.

Released new superior clones of Robusta coffee have an essential role as sources of high qualities planting materials. Each clone should have unique and distinctive morphological marker(s) which are easily visual-characterized. Assessment of morphological markers allows plant breeders to discriminate and identify the most promising genotypes for variety development. This study aimed to characterize morphological markers and reveal the superiority of 3 promising clones of Robusta coffee, i.e., Kobura 1, Kobura 2, and Kobura 3. The result of morphological characterization showed that the 3 promising clones have distinctive morphological characters. Shoot tip color of Kobura 1 and Kobura 2 clones is light green, whereas Kobura 3 is brownish-green. Kobura 1 clone has the largest flower size, whereas Kobura 2 and Kobura 3 clones have smaller flower sizes, respectively. Cherries disc of Kobura 1 is flat and large, differing from Kobura 2 and Kobura 3, which have small and slightly protruded cherries discs. Cherries of Kobura 1, Kobura 2, and Kobura 3 clones have roundish, oblong, and obovate shapes, respectively. The superiority of those 3 clones is cupping score, categorized as very good specialty to excellent specialty.