The investigation was carried out to determine the susceptibility of ABO blood groups to malaria parasiteamia among residents of Awka, Awka South L.G.A, Anambra State Nigeria. The research revealed that out of 309 samples analyzed for ABO blood groups susceptibility for malaria in various classes, 265 (85.8%) was observed to have patent parasiteamia with malaria. Among the sexes, males recorded higher susceptibility than females, with blood group B recording highest (94.5%) susceptibility of infection than other blood groups.The ABO and Rhesus blood group phenotype sample were determined by agglutination method using commercially provided antisera suitable for the detection of blood rhesus positivity and negativity.

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A total of 150 blood and urine samples each were collected from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients who visited selected hospitals in Ebonyi State. The subjects were made up of 57 males and 93 female patients. The blood samples were screened for the presence of four human malaria parasites using parasitological examination of blood stained films and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out of the 150 urine samples from the HIV positive individuals, 88 urine specimens were identified to harbor Plasmodium species. 75 (50%) urine specimens were identified to harbor Plasmodium falciparum while 10 (6.67%) and 3 (2%) were recorded against Plasmodium malariae and dual infection of P. falciparum and P. malariae, respectively. The result of the comparison of the specimens used showed the same result. None of the isolates that were negative by PCR test using DNA primers (template) from blood gave positive results by urine samples. Furthermore, when the primers (rOVA 1 and rOVA 2 ; rV 1 V 1 and rV 1 V 2) specific for Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium vivax, respectively were used, none of the two species mentioned were detected in both urine and blood samples, signifying that these species may be absent in our environment. Our study demonstrated highly, the presence of P. falciparum and P. malariae, especially when specific Plasmodium species DNA markers were used for the analysis.