Aim: To develop and validate a simple, precise, accurate and robust RP-HPLC method for the determination of Pemigatinib by using Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. Study Design: A 23 Factorial design consisting of three factors at two levels was considered for the experimental plan initially to select the initial chromatographic conditions and optimization was done using Box-Behnken Design. The critical method parameters selected for optimization were % Organic phase composition, pH of the buffer and flow rate. The critical quality attributes investigated were retention time, theoretical plates and tailing factor. Methodology: Chromatographic separation was achieved on Agilent Zorbax XDB C18 (250×4.6 mm, 5 µm) column maintained at ambient temperature and PDA-UV detection set at 262nm. The optimized and predicted data from the Design Expert® (12.0.12.0) modelling software (Stat-Ease Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) consisted of mobile phase 0.1% OPA pH 2.5 buffer (60%): Acetonitrile (40%) pumped at a flow rate of 1.06ml/min gave the highest desirability. Results: The retention time of the drug was found to be 3.258 min. The developed method was linear over the concentration range of 25-150 µg/mL with correlation coefficient of 0.999. The optimized method was validated as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. Conclusion: Based on the ANOVA results, the selected models for the responses retention time and tailing factor were found to be significant with P=0.05. 2D Contour plots were used to visualize the effect of factors and their interactions on the responses. Design validation was done using predicted vs. actual plots for the responses. The results of the validation parameters were within the acceptable limit. The stability of the drug was examined under different stress conditions forcibly and significant degradation was found in reductive condition.

Objective: This work was intended to develop a rapid and sensitive stability-indicating ultra-performance liquid chromatographic (UPLC) method for the determination of Metformin and Gliclazide simultaneously in their pharmaceutical bulk and tablet formulation. Methods: Separation was performed on Lunna C18 (100 mm x 2.6 mm, 1.6µ) column by using trifluoroacetic acid buffer: acetonitrile (70: 30, v/v) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 ml/min and a wavelength of detection of 227 nm. Method validation and forced degradation studies were conducted per the respective guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization. Results: Retention times under the optimized condition were 1.719 min and 2.845 min for Metformin and Gliclazide, respectively. Linearity ranged between 25.0-375.0 µg/ml for Metformin and 4.0-60.0 µg/ml for Gliclazide with a coefficient of determinations (r2) of greater than 0.99. The limit of detection values was 0.25 µg/ml for Metformin and 0.04 µg/ml for Gliclazide. Recovery results ranged from 99.63-101.23 %, and the % RSDs for the precision studies were less than 1.11% for both drugs. The % degradations at various stress conditions ranged from 14.0-5.0% for Metformin and 13.3-2.4% for Gliclazide. The analyte peaks were clearly resolved from the degradant peaks in forced degradation studies. Conclusion: A fast, sensitive and efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method was successfully developed and validated for the concurrent estimation of Metformin and Gliclazide in their combination, and thus the proposed method can be effectively applied for routine quality control works.

Objective: The purpose of the present study is to develop simple, fast, accurate, precise, and robust stability-indicating reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of metformin HCl, empagliflozin, and linagliptin in their combinations. Methods: Separation was performed on Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1 % triethylamine (pH =3) buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio 40: 60 (v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Detection of the analytes was carried out at a wavelength of 240 nm with a photodiode array detector. The developed method was validated as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Results: The retention time values under the optimized condition were 2.660 min, 3.586 min, and 5.412 min for metformin HCl, linagliptin, and empagliflozin, respectively. The method was linear over a concentration range of 100 µg/ml-1500 µg/ml, 0.5 µg/ml-7.5 µg/ml, and 2.5 µg/ml-37.5 µg/ml for metformin HCl,linagliptin and empagliflozin respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of the method was found to be 4.00 µg/ml, 0.02 µg/ml, and 1.00 µg/ml for metformin HCl, linagliptin, and empagliflozin, respectively. The degradation peaks were clearly resolved from the parent drug peaks in the chromatograms of forced degradation studies. Conclusion: The validated method was successfully applied for the determination of metformin HCl, linagliptin, and empagliflozin in their combined tablet dosage forms and hence can be used for the routine quality control of the drugs in pharmaceutical bulk, and dosage forms.

Objective: The prime objective of the current work is to develop a simple, rapid, efficient, economical and stability indicating LC-MS (liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy) compatible RP - HPLC (reverse phase – high performance liquid chromatography) method for the analysis of emtricitabine (EMT), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), cobicistat (COB) and elvitegravir (ELV) in bulk, marketed formulation (Stribild) and in In-vitro dissolution method. Method: The chromatography was achieved on Unisol C18 column (250 × 4.0 mm, 3 µ) with a mobile phase combination of acetate buffer (adjusted with dilute glacial acetic acid to pH 4) and acetonitrile in gradient mode at a flow rate of 1mL/min and the detection was performed at 260 nm using PDA (photo diode array) detector. Forced degradation studies were performed and the % degradation under various stress conditions was calculated. The developed RP-HPLC method was applied for Stribild tablets to study the dissolution profile. Results: The retention times for emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, cobicistat and elvitegravir were 5.7, 12.1, 16.3 and 19.4 min respectively. The % degradation was below 20% which is within the limits. The percent drug release was found to meet USP specification, i.e. not less than 80% of amount of labeled drug EMT, TDF, COB and ELV dissolved in 30min. Conclusion: The method was validated as per ICH guidelines and all the validation parameters were within the compendial requirements. The proposed method can be successfully adopted for the analysis of Stribild tablets in pharmaceutical industries. Keywords: Stribild, emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, cobicistat, elvitegravir

Objective: The main objective of the present work is to develop an efficient, unique, reliable Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous quantification of Amoxicillin (AMX), Clarithromycin (CTM) and Lansoprazole (LPZ) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.  Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved by using Kinetex column C18 (100 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 µm) with Buffer (2.5 g of hexane sulphonic acid and 1ml of Triethylamine which are added to 1000 ml of HPLC water and adjusted its pH at 5.0 with Ortho phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 70: 30 (%v/v) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column effluents were monitored by a photodiode array detector at wavelength predetermined at 240 nm. Results: The method produced reliable results at optimized chromatographic conditions. The method was linear at concentration range of 15-225 µg/ml of AMX, 15-225 µg/ml of CTM and 0.9-13.5 µg/ml of LPZ with regression coefficients of 0.9999, 0.9999, and 0.9999 respectively. The retention times of AMX, CTM, LPZ were obtained as 1.513, 3.124, 3.770 min respectively. Results obtained for system suitability, precision, LOD and LOQ were in acceptable range and were validated according to the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonization (ICH). Conclusion: The proposed method was validated in accordance with ICH and all the obtained results were found satisfactory and were successfully applicable to the analysis of the bulk and the pharmaceutical formulations.