The kinetics of oxidation of L-cystine by Mn III have been studied in sulfuric acid medium at 30°C. The reaction was followed spectrophotometrically at kmax = 500 nm. The reaction shows first order dependence on both [Mn III ] and [cystine]. It was found that the rate of the reaction decreases with increase of [H + ] up to a certain point and then remains unchanged. The oxidation product of the reaction was found to be cysteic acid. A plausible mechanism has been proposed to account for the experimental results.

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of glycine by iron(III)-1,10-phenanthroline complex has been studied in perchloric acid medium. The reaction is first order with respect to iron(III) and glycine. An increase in (phenanthroline) increases the rate, while increase in [H + ] decreases the rate. Hence it can be inferred that the reactive species of the substrate is the zwitterionic form and that of the oxidant is [Fe(phen) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] 3+. The proposed mechanism leads to the rate law as elucidated.

To have the maximum benefits of nanofluid for high heat transfer coefficient, like hybrid composite materials in the material’s revolution, the hybrid nanofluid was prepared and its performance was realized by experimentation. In this investigation, the prepared Al2O3 (75%)– CuO (25%) / Water hybrid nanofluid was used as a coolant for making pen barrel in injection molding machine. For experimentation, the three process parameters viz., Volume Fraction (VF), Volume Flow Rate (VFR) and Temperature (Temp) were controlled and optimized by using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array to yield the maximum heat transfer coefficient. To optimize it, total nine different experiments were conducted by controlling these factors. The considered all three parameters were kept three levels. Regression equation was established to predict heat transfer coefficient by incorporating independently controllable process parameters. Based on the optimization result, it was found that the high heat transfer coefficient was achieved at 0.2 %, 6 LPM and 35 °C of VF, VFR and Temp of hybrid nanofluid respectively

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