The fight against mastitis was and remains one of the most serious problems in the dairy farming. The disease is widespread throughout Russia among cows of different breeds. According to our data, more than a half of the number of cows, up to 68.5% in a herd, go through mastitis during a year in the farms examined by us; 55.0% of them go through it from two to seven times. The coccal microflora has the decisive importance according to the frequency of isolation rate from the secretion of the udder of cows with mastitis -87.5% of the total number of isolated cultures with farm fluctuations from 40.0% to 100.0%. The test results of the vaccine “Streptostaphus” in three farms of the region made it possible to determine the most effective vaccination scheme for animals and to develop a “Method of specific prophylaxis of mastitis in cows.” The employees of the branch proposed a pattern of use of the complex drug “Amber-splenivitis” on pregnant animals with the aim of preventing mastitis in cows in the dry and postpartum periods. The use of antimicrobial drugs of prolonged action during the cows drying off period is advisable to take into account the sensitivity of microflora to them, released from the secretion of the udder of lactating cows of a single farm (complex). The prevention of massive mastitis in cows should include the implementation of measures aimed at increasing both the general resistance and specific reactivity of the cows organism.

Mastitis of infectious etiology cause huge economic damage in dairy farming, and milk loses its nutritional value due to the appearance of pathogenic bacteria in it. The article discusses the factors of pathogenicity of some pathogens of mastitis Str. pyogenes, Str. agalactiae, Str. disgalactiae, S. aureus. Streptococci possess such virulence factors as capsule, fimbriae (M-proteins), toxins, enzymes, staphylococci are capable to form a microcapsule and the biofilm, adhesins, enzymes, toxins, etc. Modern means of specific prevention are represented by polyvalent vaccines, often including inactivated pathogens of the following genera Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Escherichia.

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Streptococcal mastitis causes enormous economic damage in dairy farming. Milk loses its nutritional value due to the appearance of pathogenic bacteria in it that causes food toxicosis. In this study we used 28 isolates of streptococci isolated from cows with mastitis and endometritis. Of these, 38.9% belonged to S. agalactae, 33.3% to S. dysgalactae, and S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus - 22.2%. A small number of isolates -5.6% belonged to the species S. equi subsp. equi and S. uberis. in The test with mouse peritoneal macrophages shows that the antiphagocytic activity was 75% for isolates of S. zooepidemicus, 57% for S. agalactiae, and 64% for S. dysgalactiae. At the same time, the phagocytic number and phagocytic index were higher in the phagocytosis of the most strains featured with trypsin compared to the initial ones indicating to the antiphagocytic role of the pathogenic structures presented in them at the stage of bacteria capture. The numbers of factors of streptococci pathogenicity including M-proteins make them able to resist opsonization and phagocytosis