Graphene is a carbon allotrope and possesses numerous unique properties which make it an attractive material in many areas. In this work, graphene oxide (GO) was added to polyethersulfone (PES) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) to improve the performance of hemodialysis membranes. GO was synthesized from tartaric acid by pyrolysis with various temperatures of the pyrolysis and the membrane was fabricated by a casting solution method followed by its characterization. The MMMs showed better mechanical properties than pristine PES with a tensile stress and tensile strain value of 5.55 MPa and 0.039 m, respectively. The hydrophilicity of the membranes which is in agreement with contact angle values showed that GO addition increased the hydrophilicity of the MMMs. Hence, the solute flux and clearance of creatinine gave values of 2.94 L m À2 h À1 and 78.3%, respectively. Cross sectional images and the surface morphology were also recorded using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resulting data proved that the modified MMMs can be a potential material for hemodialysis.

Nanofiber has become one of tissue engineering examples and has extensive application on medical field, particularly as a wound healing and wound dressing. In this research, nanofiber composite based on polycaprolactone and collagen was successfully obtained via electrospinning process and further developed as host of naproxen as anti-inflammatory agents. Addition of copper ferrite (CuFe 2 O 4 ) nanoparticles on the nanocomposite becomes an advance part on this study to control of naproxen release. Several characterizations were furnished to prove the design composite nanofiber and its drug release analysis performed to find out the kinetic model and naproxen release mechanism from nanofibers. CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles have potential to be used to control naproxen release in nanofiber that lead to decrease level of drug released, where mostly follow the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The release of naproxen was certainly influenced by pH value, in which the drug was easier to release on base, instead of acid or neutral condition. Varied naproxen and nanoparticle compositions were prepared to reach optimum formulation of the release. This study provides fundamental data for the effect of magnetic nanoparticle on drug release process.

Abstract. 1 The purification of biodiesel was performed using glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan membrane to improve the quality and to reduce the cost of biodiesel production. Biodiesel was obtained by acid-based catalyzed transesterification of Calophyllum inophyllum oil. The results of this experiment showed that the amount of glycerol in biodiesel before the process is 0.3014±0.05 %. After the purification process performed for 1 h, the glycerol content in biodiesel has been reduced to 0.1429±0.09 %.

The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) production from Chlorella vulgaris has been studied by sequential investigation such as microalgae culturing, lipid extraction, and lipid conversion to FAME. The C. vulgaris could grow well in the BG-11 medium and had a doubling time 3.7 days for its growth using inocula 16% (v/v). The optimum of dry cell biomass as 11.6 g/L was obtained after the microalgae culture harvested for 6 days. Lipid extraction from the biomass was carried out in various solvents and ultrasonication power, resulted lipid as 31% (w/w) when extracted with a mixed solvent of n-hexane-ethanol in ratio 1:1 and ultrasonication treatment at power 25 kHz/270W for 30 min. The lipid then converted to FAME through transesterification reaction with methanol using H2SO4 catalyst at 45ºC for 2 h, and resulted FAME with area 32.26% in GC-MS analysis. The area was corresponded to FAME output as 13.68% (w/w). Fatty acid profiles of FAME obtained from GC-MS analysis showed the major peaks of fatty acids found in Chlorella vulgaris were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and margaric acid (C17:0), and nonadecanoic acid (C19:0). Optimization of the transesterification reaction will be developed in future to improve the FAME product.

The community service activities have been carried out at Madrasah Aliyah Masyhudiyah Gresik. Thepurpose of service is: 1) providing understanding to teachers in making learning material throughYouTube, 2) providing motivation to teachers, 3) building teachers' confidence, and 4) using YouTube forfun learning tools. Methods of activities are lectures, demonstrations, workshops and training using theCamtasia application. Data collection techniques are based on the results of the pretest - posttest andparticipatory approach. Data analysis to measure the success category is done by calculating thepercentage of correct answers for each aspect asked, the percentage of learning videos made and thenumber of learning videos uploaded. The results of the activities are: 1) the teacher's understanding inmaking construction of video-based learning materials on average increased by 52%, 2) 100% of teachershave made videos for learning media using the Camtasia application, 3) 30% of teachers have uploadedlearning videos on social media YouTube This activity resulted in an increase in teacher understandingrelated to the importance of using YouTube as a learning medium and videos containing learning materialscreated by madrasa teachers.