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Halofantrine has mild to moderate pathological effects on cochlea histology, and can be considered an ototoxic drug.

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Background: Nuclear factor kappa beta is an inducible nuclear transcription factor regulating a range of cellular processes. Nuclear factor kappa beta is considered to impact many cellular phenomena such as inflammation, immune responses, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumor progression, therefore considered to have a major role in many inflammatory skin diseases including the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Aim: This study aims to investigate nuclear factor kappa beta tissue expression in patients with psoriasis vulgaris before and after Psoralen Ultraviolet A therapy. Subjects and Methods: Thirty patients with generalized chronic plaque psoriasis were assigned as a test group (Group I) and 10 age-and sex-matched healthy individuals assigned as a control group (Group II) were enrolled in this study. Skin biopsy specimens were subjected to histopathological study and immunohistochemical determination of nuclear factor kappa beta before and after 30 sessions of Psoralen Ultraviolet A therapy. Results: This study revealed highly constitutive tissue expression of nuclear factor kappa beta in all psoriatic lesions with variable degrees in comparison with control specimens (p< 0.001). Also, there was a significant decrease in nuclear factor kappa beta expression in psoriatic skin after Psoralen Ultraviolet A therapy (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Psoralen Ultraviolet A therapy among psoriatic patients demonstrated a decrease in PASI score, epidermal thickness; mononuclear cellular infiltration, as well as nucleocytoplasmic positivity (active nuclear factor kappa beta form) expression, accordingly selective blockade of nuclear factor kappa beta could be an effective treatment for psoriasis.