No abstract

Imiquimod-induced psoriasis is an animal model of psoriasis.  The antidiabetic metformin had anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, antiangiogenesis and antiproliferative effect. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of metformin gel against imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like form by scoring the erythema and scaling besides measuring of tissue homogenate levels of IL17/IL23. Swiss albino mice were used in this experiment imiquimod 5% cream applied on shaved back of mice for six days, and this is an induction group and compared with a negative control group that involved mice treated with ointment base only for six days. Third group; metformin 10% gel applied on the back of mice with imiquimod for six days. The fourth group included used of metformin 15% gel with imiquimod for six days. This data was analysed for significant level when p ≥ 0.05 by using either ANOVA test for biochemical parameters levels evaluation.    Furthermore, imiquimod 5% cream of induction group caused an elevation of inflammatory parameters; IL17 and IL23 in skin tissue homogenate when being compared to   IL17   and IL23 level of the control group. Whereas, metformin 10% gels showed levels of IL17 and IL23 with significant different from induction group. In addition, metformin 15% gels exerted a significantly low level of IL17 and IL23. The possible considerable antipsoriatic activity of topical metformin gel through reducing scaling and erythema and mediated through modest anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing levels of IL17/23.

Cataract is one of the chief causes of blindness and visual impairment in the elderly people throughout the developing world. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible protective role of oral bupropion against selenite induced cataract in rabbits. Adult rabbits were used in the present study. Groups of study were: Apparently normal group, Cataract group and oral bupropion group. Cataract induction was done by a single intravitreal injection of 0.1 ml (0.01% w/v) of sodium selenite solution in the right eyes. Bupropion (50 mg/kg two times daily) was given for five days before intravitreal injection sodium selenite solution and 21 days after. The parameters were: Lens opacity, pupil diameter, light reflex, corneal sensation, conjunctival redness, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in aqueous humor of rabbit eyes. Oral bupropion resulted in high significant protection from cataract development and there was no change in pupil diameter, positive light reflex, positive corneal sensation, no conjunctival redness, decreased level of MDA and increased level of GSH.

Cisplatin is an inorganic complex; the therapeutic effects of it are significantly improved by dose escalation. However high-dose therapy with cisplatin is limited by its cumulative nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. The aim of study was to compare between the effect of melatonin and zinc sulfate in prevention of cisplatin induced-nephrotoxicity in rats. Forty male albino rats weighing (200-250gm) were equally divided into four groups: normal group (0.2 ml isotonic saline group), control group "cisplatin group" (12 mg/kg cisplatin, single dose I.P.), melatonin group (15 mg/kg I.P.)prophylactically one day prior to cisplatin administration and continued for further 3 days, and zinc sulfate group (50 mg/ kg I.P.) prophylactically one day prior to cisplatin administration and continued for further 3 days.There was significant difference (p<0.05) between zinc sulfate and melatonin in reducing serum creatinine and BUN (melatonin more effective in reducing these parameters), and there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between them in reducing serum malondialdhyde (MDA) and increasing serum glutathione (GSH).As a conclusion, melatonin (15 mg/ kg I.P.) and zinc sulfate (50 mg/ kg I.P.) had protective effects against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Melatoninwas found to be more effective than zinc sulfate in its ability to reverse the abnormal renal function and preventing histopathological changes