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Since last couple of decades, C-2-formyl glycals have sustained interest in carbohydrate chemistry as they afford valuable chiral building blocks for many biological / pharmaceutical / industrial based important molecules. Basically, C-2-formyl glycals are a class of carbohydrates incorporating an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. Therefore in many organic reactions, the C-2-formyl-glycals molecule could therefore serve as an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde core. In this review, we have compiled a literature survey on the synthesis of C-2-formyl-glycals and further their importance for the synthesis of many medicinal, supramolecular, biological, organic as well as material chemistry-based molecules.

In recent decades, 5-formyluridine has drawn attention of the researchers working in the field of nucleic acid chemistry due to its role as key intermediate for the synthesis of modified nucleosides. Numerous efficient and facile synthetic methods have been developed for the synthesis of this molecule and this nucleoside precursor has further been explored for the synthesis of modified nucleosides and nucleotides. These compounds have showed significant biological activities against tumor cell lines, bacterial and viral strains, etc. Herein, a complete account of synthesis of 5-formyluridine, its application for the synthesis and biological activities is presented.