Dunia pendidikan Indonesia sedang menjadi perbincangan hangat semua kalangan dengan dikeluarkannya program baru kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nadiem Makarim tentang merdeka belajar. Empat program merdeka belajar meliputi Ujian Nasional, Ujian Sekolah Berbasis Nasional, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran, sistim zonasi. Pada tahun 2020 UN akan dihapuskan dan digantikan dengan menerapkan kebijakan Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum dan Survei Karakter. Asesmen kompetensi mininum dan surveri karakter terdiri dari kemampuan bernalar menggunakan bahasa (literasi), kemampuan bernalar menggunakan matematika (numerasi), dan penguatan pendidikan karakter.Penyelenggaraan USBN (Ujian Sekolah Berbasis Nasional) tahun 2020 akan dilakukan dengan ujian yang diselenggarakan oleh sekolah. Ujian tersebut dilakukan untuk menilai kompetensi siswa dan dapat dilakukan dalam bentuk tes tertulis atau bentuk penilaian komprehensif seperti portofolio dan penugasan. Portofolio ini nantinya dapat dilakukan melalui tugas kelompok, karya tulis. Dalam pembuatan dan perencanaan RPP guru tidak dibebani lagi dengan banyak komponan seperti pada RPP kurikulum 2013 namun lebih disederhanakan meliputi 3 aspek saja yaitu tujuan pembelajaran, kegiatan pembelajaran dan asesmen. Tunjuannya agar mengurangi beban adminisrasi guru, keempat sistim zonasi perubahaan sistim zonasi yang di canangkan oleh kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan yang baru untuk mengakomodasi ketimpangan akses dan kualitas di berbagai daerah. Maka komposisi PPDB jalur zonasi dapat menerima siswa minimal 50 persen, jalur afirmasi minimal 15 persen, dan jalur perpindahan maksimal 5 persen. Untuk jalur prestasi atau sisa 0-30 persen lainnya disesuaikan dengan kondisi daerah. Dengan demikian dengan diberlakukan sistim zonasi yang baru maka anak anak yang berprestasi bisa memilih sekolah yang mereka inginkan. Dengan digulirkannya kebijakan merdeka belajar maka hal ini juga harus di barengi dengan peningkatan kualitas SDM tenaga pendidik dan peningkatan kesejahteraan Guru dan memperhatikan nasib tenaga guru honorer. Merdeka belajar apakah akan mempu menjawab permasalahan pendidikan di Indonesia, itu masih membutuhkan pembuktian namun setidaknya dengan merdeka belajar guru maupun peserta didik telah medeka dalam mengajar dan menerima pembelajaran.

Learning requires harmonious interaction between teachers and students. Communication is a type of action that occurs when two or more objects influence or have an effect on each other. Learning through less dynamic interactions can cause an imbalance in the transfer of learning. Tendencies that arise are students will know a lot about something, but become less have a system of values, attitudes, interests and positive appreciation of what is known. Children will experience intellectual development unbalanced by personality maturity, giving birth to a specialist figure who is less concerned with the surrounding environment and prone to value distortions. Students will practice violations such as happy fighting with friends, lack of respect for others, and lack of courtesy. The academic atmosphere in elementary schools for students to be able to learn effectively is a condition where students can collaborate, cooperate, communicate using any direction there is no fear and feel even protected, and they think treated reasonably regardless of ethnicity, religion, race, class, and gender so as to achieve desired goals both national education goals and primary school goals. Energetic interactions between teachers and students in schools must be based on functional relationships first between the teacher and students, meaning students feel the teacher is a parent and a friend who can be invited to interact without fear but still respect. Fearless but respectful interaction is needed because it fits with one of the 21st-century learning skills, collaboration. Good collaboration causes learning to be fun, so learning becomes effective.

The reality, Student of Study Program PGSD FKIP UM Palangkaraya less cognitive develop an attitude which is less highly motivated to do something, lacking want to engage in activities that add competence, less vibrant, less organized, less accomplished, less empathy for social activities and less creative. These problems need to be addressed by the State Defense Program. In the current conditions of defending the country should be interpreted more real acts. The State Defense Program is not only identified with the lift arms but must be interpreted more broadly, that is to defend the country in many ways adapted to the professional ability of each. Come with the name of the nation through achievements in various fields are also included defending the country. Chaidir Basrie suggested that civil defense is an attitude, determination, and citizen action that regular, comprehensive, integrated and continues based on the love of the homeland, the consciousness of nation and state of Indonesia, beliefs and magic Pancasila as the state ideology , In Indonesia, efforts to defend the state as expressly provided in the Constitution of 1945 article 27 paragraph 3 which states that "every citizen has the right and duty to participate in the defense efforts of the state". Thus every citizen is expected to take an active part in defending the country. State Defense Program which is a non-physical activity or non-militarism is an integrated part in all courses/subjects so that these programs should receive priority attention to developing conative nature that ultimately can improve the students love for the homeland and the nation. Students have not been able to show fully the nature cognitive that can encourage a love of the homeland and the nation because they are less energetic, less creative, and less highly motivated indeveloping competency activities.

Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is a way that puts forward critical and creative values ??so that it is seen as being able to provide solutions in facing the times. The method used is descriptive to describe HOTS-based learning and assessment. The purpose of this activity is to improve the ability of elementary school (SD) teachers in designing HOTS-based learning tools consisting of lesson plans and HOTS-based assessments. This activity is motivated by the skills faced by elementary school teachers in the implementation of the 2013 curriculum, especially in designing and implementing HOTS-based learning, as well as developing HOTS-based assessments. Therefore, this activity aims to make teachers become professionals in educating elementary students in developing children's thinking skills at a higher level.

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