Sago palms grow well on riverbanks, near lakes, and in wet soil. They can be found at 700 m elevation in PNG and are well adapted in marginal soils where cash crops cannot grow. Sago palms can grow from low flooded areas to uplands and in soils which are from very acidic to neutral. Sago is one of the most efficient carbohydrate-producing crops. Sago is distributed naturally from Melanesia in the South Pacific in the east (180°E. Long.) to India in the west (90°E. Long.) and from Mindanao in the north (10°N. Lat.) to Java in the south (10°S. Lat.). Sago populations in the world occupy 2.4 million ha.Temperature plays a key role in sago palm growth. The lowest temperature at which sago palms will grow is 15 °C. When temperatures are lower than 13 °C at the seedling stage, sago palms are not able to survive, and the mortality percentage increases. Moreover, fewer leaves are produced at low temperatures. The optimum relative humidity and sunlight intensity for sago palms are 90% and 900 j/cm 2 /day. The optimum rainfall for sago is 2000 mm per year. In addition, sago can grow when the location has less than two dry months and more than nine wet months.Sago palms can grow in various types of soils: (1) undeveloped soils, such as sulfaquents (sulfidic soil), hidraquents (waterlogged), tropaquents (tropical climate), fluvaquents (alluvial), and psammaquents (sandy soils), and (2) developed soils, such as tropaquepts, troposaprists of peatlands, tropohemists and sulfihemists (sulfuric soil and low pH), and thaptohistic fluvaquents.Sago palms thrive in swampy conditions where the pneumatophores are not submerged, where mineral nutrition and organic matter are high, and where the standing water is brown and slightly acidic. Such a habitat is suitable for the growth of microorganisms that benefit sago palm growth. Sago palms can also grow in swampy areas near the sea, as they are tolerant of salinity. Sago palms have avoidance tolerance to Na + . Excess Na + is stored in the roots.

Sago can be used as raw material for sugar and bioenergy on a national scale because Indonesia has huge sago area especially in the eastern part of Indonesia. Sago can grow well in peat soil. The aim of this research is to develop peat soil optimally at Tanjung Peranap Village, Meranti Island District, Riau Province. The research involved land owner in the region burned down in 2016, extension service and local government. Research form activities indicates that the local people income increase because they harvested cayenne chili, big red chili, sweet corn, baby corn, corn kernel, green kale and watermelon. Their income was Rp 7200000, Rp 2625000, Rp 2774400, Rp 4368000, Rp 2995230, Rp 5400000 and Rp 4900000 respectively. Various income from mixed cropping can change the farmer mind. They realize that mixed cropping can be reliable as an income source and change their activity from destroyed the forest and mangrove to cultivated mixed cropping. It can minimalize the environmental damage.

In crop cultivation, plant pests and diseases are a frequent issue that producers still manage with chemical pesticides. Similar to this, inorganic pesticides are used in the production of edamame soybeans, which will ultimately have a negative effect on health, the environment, and product quality. This study aims to obtain the best botanical pesticide formula that can reduce pest attacks on soybean cultivation so as to provide an environmentally friendly alternative to plant pest control. Because they leave no chemical residues and are safe for ingestion, organic pesticides can help soybean producers manage pests and diseases, cut production costs, and improve product quality. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) 6 treatments and 3 replications. The organic pesticide treatments were P0 (control), P1 (garlic), P2 (shallots), P3 (papaya leaves) and P4 (tobacco leaves), P5 (lemongrass). To evaluate the effectiveness of organic pesticides, an efficacy test was carried out. The results showed that all types of materials used as organic pesticides had an effect on reducing the level of pest attacks on soybean plants starting from the sixth week. An organic pesticide made from papaya leaves gave the highest real yield on the number of filled pods and pod weight of soybean plant.

Sago is one of the plantation crops that has the potential to be developed as food and non food for the people of Indonesia. Sago as a high source of starch can be used for liquid sugar production. This study aims to get an optimal ratio between water and enzymes in the production of sago liquid sugar from South Sorong. The study was conducted at the Center for Research and Development of Post -Harvest Agriculture, Bogor. Experiments were arranged in the split split plot design with a complete random design (RAL). Comparison of water with sago starch as the main plot, the α-amylase enzyme as a plot child and the glucoamilase enzyme as a plot child. Research is divided into two experiments, (1) ratio of water and sago starch (2) comparison of enzymes and sago starch. The results showed the ratio of starch and water, the dose of the α-amylase enzyme and glucoamylase had an effect on the value of brix, color and total sugar levels in both types of sago. The ratio of starch and water 1 : 4 with the dose of α-amylase enzyme 1 ml/kg starch and the enzyme glucoamilase 1 ml/kg starch is an optimal condition for making liquid sugar from the Fasampe sago starch. The ratio of starch and water 1 : 4 with the dose of α-amylase enzyme 1.2 ml/kg of starch and the glucoamilase enzyme 1.2 ml/kg of starch is an optimal condition for making liquid sugar from Fafion sago starch. Fasampe sago starch have a better appearance of liquid sugar colors than Fafion sago starch. ABSTRAKSagu merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan pangan dan non pangan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Sagu sebagai sumber pati yang tinggi dapat dimanfaatkan untuk produksi gula cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perbandingan optimal antara air dan enzim pada produksi gula cair sagu asal Sorong Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pasca Panen Pertanian, Bogor. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan split split plot dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Perbandingan air dengan pati sagu sebagai petak utama, enzim α-amilase sebagai anak petak dan enzim glukoamilase sebagai anak petak. Penelitian terbagi atas dua percobaan yaitu : (1) perbandingan air dan pati sagu serta (2) perbandingan enzim dan pati sagu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan pati dan air, dosis enzim α-amilase dan glukoamilase memberikan pengaruh terhadap nilai brix, warna dan kadar gula total pada kedua jenis sagu. Perbandingan pati dan air 1 : 4 dengan dosis enzim α-amilase 1 ml/kg pati dan enzim glukoamilase 1 ml/kg pati merupakan kondisi optimal untuk membuat gula cair dari sagu Fasampe. Perbandingan pati dan air 1 : 4 dengan dosis enzim α-amilase 1,2 ml/kg pati dan enzim glukoamilase 1,2 ml/kg pati merupakan kondisi optimal untuk membuat gula cair dari sagu Fafion. Jenis sagu Fasampe memiliki tampilan warna gula cair yang lebih baik dari sagu Fafion.

Urban farming is an activity of using unproductive land into productive land in the yard of the house. Urban farming can contribute to food security, hope food patterns, increase people's income and as a means of channeling hobbies. Urban farming is an alternative in increasing the productivity of home gardens to increase hopeful food patterns and reduce the cost of daily consumption expenditures for households. This study aims to determine the public perception of urban farming and to determine the contribution of urban farming to the decrease in daily consumption costs. This research was conducted in Margajaya Village, West Bogor District, Bogor City. Descriptive statistics are used to determine people's perceptions of urban farming while inferential statistics are used to test the hypothesis that urban farming can reduce household daily consumption costs by 5 percent. The results showed that people who understand about urban farming as much as 87.23%. The results of testing the hypothesis that the portion of daily consumption cost reduction of more than 5 percent can be accepted at the 95% confidence level. This indicates that urban farming has an important role from an economic perspective. Socialization of urban farming programs is a necessity, to increase food security, it has the potential to increase people's income and reduce poverty in urban areas