Increasing the secretion of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) by monocytes in the synovial fluid is an indicator to determine the severity of joint inflammation. Previous studies have shown that curcumin inhibit the osteoarthritis progression with its ability to inhibite the activity of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme from macrophages. In this prospective randomized open end blinded evaluations = PROBE study, 80 patients with knee osteoarthritis were eligable. The subject were devided in to two group: group who received 3 x 30 mg of curcuminoid from Curcuma domestica Val. extract (curcuminoid group) and group who received 3 x 25 mg of diclofenac sodium (diclofenac group) as comparison. The treatment was for 4 weeks time. The secretion of ROI by sinovial fluid monocytes was calculated by scoring the amount of formazan formation after neutral red staining in nitrobleu tetrazolium reduction assay. The result of this study showed that the secretion of ROI by synovial fluid monocytes was significantly decreased in both groups (p <0.001) respectively. There was no significant difference in decreasing of ROI secretion of synovial fluid monocytes between both treatment groups (p = 0.92).

Depression has strong relationship with diabetes mellitus and the aspect of psychology has influence toward the diabetes patient as control. This research aimed to find out the role of psychological factors in dealing with depression suffered by patient of DM-2 and to see the dynamics of both direct and indirect relationship of psychological factors toward the depression of DM-2 patient. The main model is a model that can bring effect of mediation between social support and depression caused by DM-2. Optimism can provide mediating effect of the relationship between social support and self-esteem. Resilience can provide mediating effect of the relationship between social support and self-esteem. Similarly, self-esteem acts as the mediator of the relationship between optimism and resilience toward the depression of DM-2 patient. The result of estimation parameter test showed the direct relationship between social support toward optimism (0.717), resilience (0.811), self-esteem (0.269) and depression (-0.210) and the direct role to depression (-0.397). The higher social support and self-esteem will cause the higher optimism and resilience. On the other hand, the role of self-esteem showed negative coefficient. On the other hand, the role of self-esteem to depression showed a negative coefficient is, the higher self-esteem will be followed by the decrease of depression in patient with DM-2. Keywords: depression, optimism, resilience, self-esteem, social support, DM-2

Background

Background: Food planning is a basis of diabetes mellitus (DM) therapy. Proper diet is essential for effective control of blood glucose level. Diet therapy through the care of nutrition team in a hospital can increase nutrient intake of patients in a hospital. In 2003 the American Diabetes Association recommended a model of standardized nutrition care process (SNCP).Objective: To find out the effect of SNCP implementation to nutrient intake and blood glucose level of DM type 2 inpatients.Method: The study was a quasi-experiment. Nutrient intake variable was measured in post-test and blood glucose level variable was the pre-post test. Samples were divided into two groups; one group was treated with SNCP and the other with conventional nutrition care. The population of the study consisted of all new patients with DM type 2 diagnosis. Samples were those that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using t-test.Results: Average nutrient intake was found high in the group with SNCP. Nutrient intake comprised energy intake (97.8%), protein intake (95.1%), fat intake (95.6%), and carbohydrate intake (94.9%). The result of the statistical test showed that nutrient intake (energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate) in SNCP was higher than that of conventional nutrition care. Decreasing blood glucose level before and after SNCP intervention was 109.4 mg/dL whereas in conventional nutrition care was 105.5 mg/dL. Decreasing blood glucose level of DM type 2 in patients with SNCP was higher than those with conventional nutrition care but statistically was not significant.Conclusion: Nutrient intake (energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate) of DM type 2 in the patient with SNCP were higher than those with conventional nutrition care. Decreased blood glucose level of DM type 2 in patients with SNCP was higher than those with conventional nutrition care, which was not statistically significant.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which has increasing prevalence today. The result of epidemiological study in Indonesia showed that DM prevalence was 1,5-2,3% to population aging over 15 years. DM disease cannot be cured but can be controlled to slow down the complications. Consumption planning is a major component in DM management. there are 3 main principles applied in the supply of food to diabetics, i. e. number of calories, type of food and meal schedule. Observation result shows that over 50% of diabetics do not follow the suggested consumption planning.Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between eating pattern and control of glucose to type 2 diabetics patients.Methods: The study was an analytic observational type using cross sectional design. Purposively taken samples were diabetic type 2 inpatients at Gunung Jati Hospital, Cirebon. Glucose of type 2 diabetics was determined through examination of glucose during fasting and 2 hours post prandial using enzymatic method gained from medical assessment data, and eating pattern gained from 24 hours recall method for 4 days. To know the relationship between eating pattern and control of glucose to type 2 diabetics, chi square, odds ratio (OR) signifi cance and logistic regression were tested.Results: There was relationship between energy (OR=31.6,CI=5.00-199.76), carbohydrate (OR=12.7,CI=1.30-124.3) and fat (OR=5.20, CI=1.08-24.89) intake with glucose control of type 2 diabetics, there was relationship between sugar consumption and process result (OR=13.1, CI= 2.59-66.2) of vegetables (OR=31.6, CI=3.74-267.6) and fruits (OR=5.16, CI=1.41-18.91) with glucose control, there was no relationship between protein intake and meal schedule with glucose control of type 2 diabetics.