This study employed a case study design (Yin, Case study research, design and methods, 2009) to investigate the processes used by 5th graders to design and develop computer games within the context of their environmental science unit, using the theoretical framework of constructionism. Ten fifth graders designed computer games using Scratch software. The results showed students were able to design functional games, following a learning-by-design process of planning, designing, testing, and sharing. Observations revealed that game design led to opportunities for informal knowledge building and sharing among students. This, in turn, encouraged students to test and improve their designs. The findings support the conclusion that elementary students can develop programming concepts and create computer games when using graphical programming software developed for their level of experience. Insights into the iterative process of learning-by-game design are presented.

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FATIH project (Movement of Enhancing Opportunities and Improving Technology) is an information and communication technologies (ICT) project to promote social justice for all schools in Turkey. The educational movements and reforms in Turkish Educational System (TES) are not new but this project has a purpose to integrate the newest technologies into school curriculum nationwide. This study aims to explore how the FATIH project ensures social justice in the context of education. In order to achieve the goal, quantitative data is collected on teachers' views. The data is consisted of survey responses from teachers who practically involve in the project. The theoretical framework of the study was built on Cribb and Gewirtz' (2003) social justice perspectives which presents distributive, cultural and associational justice. The finding of the study shows that the teachers have hope that the project will overcome some injustice issues in TES but there are new injustice appearing with the project as well.

The recent Covid-19 pandemic has changed the lifestyles throughout the World. This study aims to investigate the health students’ perception of online education. The field of health requires practical education. Indeed, online education has a different concept. Thus, the health students’ perceptions draw attention especially during the hard time of pandemic. This quantitative study was conducted with 581 students studying a field of health in Turkey. The data from an online survey was analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The results show that health students’ perception on online education was found to be medium. Even though some are favor of online education with some points, some see this type of learning platform not suitable for their fields. There was no significant difference between the perception of female and male students. The students’ perception differences were found statistically significant by departments, classes, watching lessons live, having technology difficulties and using different device to access to online education. These findings confirmed that the sudden shift to online education made a different experience for health students. The research concludes with suggestions to design online education for any unexpected pandemic.

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