We recommend the operation method of Hughes for reconstruction of large defects of the eyelids of any reason.

Centralis serosa retinopathy is regarded in ophthalmology as a psychosomatic disease, although this assumption has not been satisfactorily proven so far. With the use of the Freiburg Personality Inventory (FIP, [4]), the questionnaire for the evaluation of psychosomatic pathological processes [10], and by recording the affliction undergone by stressful events in the patients' lives, the question as to whether a psychogenic contributory cause existed was examined with a control group study (n = 11), parallelised according to age and sex. The results proved significantly that there was a psychosomatic connection, specifically a tendency to somatisation in patients with centralis serosa retinopathy. However, it was not possible to compile a typical personality profile, although it was possible to describe some conspicuous personality features. As a conclusion, the consequences for a subsequent study are being discussed.

A juvenile gigantomastia with wet tender ulceration in a 13-year-old premenarchal girl (155 cm, 51 kg) developed in only 6 months. Treatment consisted of a bilateral reduction mammoplasty with free transplantation of the areolae and nipples and the removal of 4.2 kg of breast tissue. Macroscopically the resections consisted of "white and solid" tissue. Histologically a fibrous-cystic mastopathia was confirmed. It is thus suggested that the etiology of this disease might be related to a local hypersensitivity to estrogen. Mediactions (Tamoxifen) are mostly ineffective. The treatment consisted of reduction plasty.

From our findings, it appears highly probable that ocular arterial occlusion is caused by paradoxical embolism. PFO should be taken into account in establishing a diagnosis, including diagnosis in elderly patients.

So far, corneal astigmatism as a complication after lid-loading has not received much attention in the literature. In our opinion, the development of astigmatism is caused by implants that are too heavy, an incorrect implant radius and individual cofactors (consistency of lid and cornea). There has been no need for an explantation in any case.