In this work, The levels of natural radioactivity (238U, 232Th and 40K) in (25) samples of shampoo have been measured. The radioactivity of these samples were determined using Gamma–ray spectrometry with( NaI ((Tl)) detector. The specific activity of the radionuclides varied from (67.00±5.86) Bq Kg−1 to (163.00±17.42) Bq Kg−1 for 40K with a mean of (108.76±15.11) Bq Kg−1, from (1.84±0.38) Bq Kg−1 to (8.64±2.42) Bq Kg−1 for 238U having a mean of (4.80±0.87) Bq Kg−1 and also for 232Th activity ranged from (0.23±0.03)Bq Kg−1 to Bq Kg−1 with a mean of (1.34±0.43) Bq Kg−1. The equivalent activity of radium(Raeq) and external hazard index(Hex) for the sample of the study have normal values ranging around (15.109)Bq kg−1 and (0.0408), respectively. The values of (Ra) and (Hex) in the present work were below the action level which is recommended around (370Bq/kg and 1). This safe level is considered by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and International Commission on Radiological Protection. It is found that the radiation levels of the samples studied from shampoo used in local markets were within natural rates of permissible limits and don’t cause any danger to human different uses.

Prostate cancer is one of the most dangerous diseases that can cauظse death, although the cause is unknown. Nowadays, trace elements play a variety of roles. Although their roles (e.g. cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe)) are still unknown, they might be involved in this type of cancer. This study investigates the concentrations of these elements in prostate cancer patient’s serum and then compared with a control group one. This study included a total of 100 samples. The samples were split into two groups: 50 healthy controls and 50 infected males of the same age and family history. Cd and Fe levels in serum were evaluated using an Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) after sample preparation. In prostate cancer patients, Cd and Fe levels were seen to be high. To illustrate, To illustrate, the highest values of the mean of the concentration of iron and cadmium were (1.811 ± 0.779) and (0.092 ± 0.009) for the new case of cancer patients, while the lowest values were (0.689 ± 0.281) and (0.034 ± 0.026)) for health, respectively. The correlation between serum concentrations of these elements and prostate cancer supports the hypothesis that exposure to Cd and Fe enhances the risk of prostate cancer.

Background: It is fundamental to investigate the physical and chemical changes occurring in tissues and cells due to certain diseases. Objective: Early diagnosis of liver cancer through spectral analysis of serum samples of patients and healthy subjects. Patients and methods: Fifty-two samples from liver cancer patient, and 45 from healthy, using UV-visible spectroscopy technology. By using the statistical program (version 20) and independent samples t-test, the averages of the blood serum for males with new case liver cancer were the highest compared to that of control group. Results: Concerning the male patients with liver cancer who took chemotherapy and for all wavelengths except 225 nm, their blood serum average was higher compared to healthy subjects, and it was not statistically significant. Regarding the women who took chemotherapy, the situation of the absorption is seen to opposite to that the males who took chemotherapy too. Conclusion: The results showed that there are statistically significant differences between the spectrum of liver cancer patients and healthy people.

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Nanotechnology is one of the modern technologies used in many fields, including the medical field. The materials that are used in this field have dimensions measured in nanometers. These substances target cancer cells for the purpose of early diagnosis and treatment. This article was written to identify the most important medical applications of nanomaterials and to review some of the literature that was written in this field. It was found that they have promising future dimensions in diagnosing and treating various cancerous diseases and reducing them in the Middle East and the Arab Gulf region, especially Iraq, Therefore; it has become the key to technology starting from this technology. To spread and develop health awareness in this region.