The current study aimed to identify the chemical constituents of Chenopodium ambrosioides (Linn.), and the assessment of the in vitro antioxidant activity of the different extracts and pure isolates. Methods: The antioxidant activity was estimated via free radical scavenging and phosphomolybdenum assays.

A bio-guided fractionation of Anabasis setifera Moq. (Chenopodiaceae) for anti-inflammatory activity was carried out using carrageenin rat paw edema model in rats. On the basis of percent edema inhibition after 3 h of carrageenin injection, n-butanol fraction showed promising activity through a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in paw volume by 85.6 % from control using indomethacin as reference standard. Moreover, the n-butanol fraction significantly (p < 0.05) decreased PGE2 and TNF-α in the exudates of rat paw edema. Chemical investigation of n-butanol fraction afforded α-amyrin 3-O-glucopyranoside (1), patuletin 7-O-glucopyranoside (2), myricitrin (3) and a new oleanane triterpene saponin derivative (4), sophradiol 3-O-α-L-(1)C4-rhamnopyranosyl-(1'''→4'')-O-β-D-(4)C1-galactopyranosyl (1''→6')-O-β-D-(4)C1-glucopyranoside. The structure of the new compound was determined by comprehensive analyses of their 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectral data and comparison with previously known analogs. Only compound 4 revealed a significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX) activities.

3Phytochemical investigations of Calotropis procera leaves have led to the isolation of two new compounds: quercetagetin-6-methyl ether 3-O-β-D-4C1-galacturonopyranoside () and (E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl-2-O-β-D-4C1-glucopyranoside)-methyl propenoate (4), along with eleven known metabolites: nine flavonol and two cinnamic acid derivatives. All metabolites were isolated for the first time from the genus Calotropis, except for 1 isolated previously from Calotropis gigantea. The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods (UV, ESI-MS, 1H, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC). The radical scavenging activity of the aqueous methanol extract and compounds 8 - 13 was measured by the 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Cytotoxic screening of the same compounds was carried out on brine shrimps as well

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Chromatographic separation of an aqueous MeOH extract of Wisteria sinensis leaves has yielded six known flavonoids, two triterpene aglycones and the new acylated flavone glycoside chrysoeriol-7-O-[2''-O-(5'''-O-caffeoyl)-β-D-apiofuranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1). All metabolites were isolated for the first time from the genus Wisteria. Their structures were established on the basis of their chromatographic properties, chemical and physicochemical methods including acid hydrolysis analysis, spectroscopic (UV, 1H- and 13C-NMR) data and confirmed by ESI-MS analysis, as well as two-dimensional NMR (1H-1HCOSY, HMQC and HMBC). Biological studies of the defatted aqueous 80% methanol leaf extract and the major isolates 1, 6 and 7 were undertaken and they are reported herein for the first time to have significant cytotoxic activity against the Hep-G2 tumor cell line in addition to antioxidant activity.