s This study aims to explore the multicultural education paradigm embedded in the fundamental constitutions, laws, and social rules in the Indonesian contexts. Achieving this aim, this research applied a meta-analysis approach by extracting multicultural themes from essential documents that are available publicly. The keywords for meta-analysis of the documents are culture, multiculturalism, and education. The findings of the study identified that the multicultural education paradigms, such as unity in diversity, equality, cultural identity, and social justice, are the essential vital themes appear in this research. Since there is a scarce study on exploring the essence of multicultural education within the origin of the Indonesian communities, this study contributes to the promotion and debates of multicultural education nationally and internationally. This study recommends a further in-depth investigation of how educators, students, policy-makers, and communities perceive and implement multicultural values within their communities to achieve peaceful and harmonious lives.

Abstract-NVivo is the QSR International product that can be used for data analysis. NVivo multimedia based application has been widely used by researchers and scholars in western academic contexts. However, very little information is on the application of NVivo within Indonesian contexts. This paper aims to address the gap and contributes to a growing body of literature that explores the use of multimedia application tool for data analysis. The data for this analysis were taken from 10 participants as NVivo users. The findings of this study have implications for the success of similar applications and the ways to use NVivo for researchers, scholars and educators.

Hybrid e-learning brings traditional learning together digital learning to accommodate the current development technology era as Industrial Revolution 4.0. The study aims to explore the perceptions, strategies, and challenges of lecturers in using hybrid e-learning in their teaching. This case study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative data were used on-line questionnaire, and the qualitative data are gained via interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS descriptive statistics, and the qualitative data were analyzed through interactive thematic data analysis. The findings reveal that there are several categories of the usefulness of hybrid, the institutional support, the impact of hybrid e-learning on subject mastery, and the percentage use of hybrid e-learning. Also, lecturers encounter mostly practical challenges in using hybrid e-learning. The study implies that lecturers may adopt the strategies of applying hybrid e-learning used by lecturers for a similar setting in different contexts. The study recommends that the more familiar the lecturers with the updated technology, the better the use of technology in their teaching. More importantly, the use of hybrid e-learning should be in the form of formal policy of the university so that it will be used ubiquity in many academic activities and settings. Higher education institutions should be able to change learning models that are by the needs of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era

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This article discusses the historical and political development of language policy, identity, and bilingual education in Indonesia. The language policy in Indonesia begins before the independence where the negotiation between Indonesian and Dutch used as a medium of instruction. During this period, Indonesian is declared as the national language and used widely in public and private schools. This momentum grows continually following the independence, despite the Dutch's effort to regain control in Indonesia. Post-independence is marked by the recognition of English as the first foreign language and is taught in schools. The promotion of vernaculars languages follows the development of language policy. This article contributes to the extension of understanding and the debates about the development of Indonesian language policy, identities, and bilingual education significantly.