Its crucial to get information about lead (Pb) heavy metal pollution from mining and oil palm plantation on species density in mangrove ecosystem, to anticipate its impacts. This study aimed is to compare the types and densities of vegetation in mangrove ecosystems allegedly due to mining in Setarap village, Tanah Bumbu Regency and oil palm plantations in Kuala Tambangan Village, Tanah Laut Regency. We also analysis the condition of waters (TDS, pH and DO) and organic content in sediments to acquire data from the South Kalimantan mangrove ecosystems. The results showed there were four species of true mangroves (Avicennia alba, Acanthus ebracteatus, Nypa fruticans and Rhizophora apiculate) could live well in the environment affected by mining or oil palm plantations. The species density for trees was low (933 ind/ha) for mangroves affected by coal mines, while those affected by oil palm plantations had higher densities (1,067 ind/ha). pH value of waters in affected area by coal mining showed more acidic value (pH 5.76) especially at the back, while those by palm oil plantations are more acidic (pH 6) in the estuary. Organic matter content in sediments affected by coal mines was in the range of 0.61-6.59%, while those affected by oil palm plantations showed higher values (0.12-2.19%). Lead heavy metal content (Pb) in waters affected by coal mines was 0.031-0.056 mg/L, while the area affected by oil palm plantations was of higher value (0.110-0.128 mg/L). Lead (Pb) levels in sediments indicate higher values than waters, which reach 3.512-6.046 mg/Kg (affected by coal mines), and in areas affected by oil palm plantations reaching 6.658-6.66 mg/Kg. The general conclusion is that vegetation densities in areas affected by coal mines are lower than oil palm plantations. The level of lead  (Pb) pollution in the sediments is higher than in the waters.

Banyaknya aktivitas antropogenik seperti pembuangan limbah industri dan domestik ke perairan menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kulitas air, seperti halnya di sub DAS Martapura Kabupaten Banjar. Tentunya hal ini  patut diwaspadai mengingat keberadaan limbah akan berdampak terhadap kualitas lingkungan dan pengembangan kapasitas sumber daya dalam konteks pembangunan berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas air yang terdampak limbah sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator perencanaan pembangunan berkelanjutan di sub DAS Martapura secara khusus. Lokasi penelitian berada di sub DAS Martapura Kabupaten Banjar dengan 4 titik  sampling berdasarkan keberadaan sumber limbah  yang dominan. Kualitas air sungai diukur berdasarkan parameter fisika dan kimia. Analisis kualitas dan penentuan status mutu air menggunakan metode STORET. Hasilnya adalah (1) Parameter fisika-kimia perairan yang terdampak pencemaran  di  sub DAS  Martapura  Kabupaten  Banjar terutama :  DO, BOD, COD, pH dan suhu pada beberapa stasiun pengamatan nilainya telah melebihi baku mutu air sungai Kelas II menurut PP No. 22 Tahun 2021. (2) Hasil perhitungan status mutu air pada sub DAS Martapura menunjukkan total skor sebesar -18. Kondisi perairan di sub DAS Martapura menunjukkan diperlukannya usaha mitigasi dan adaptasi dampak pencemaran lingkungan yang terintegrasi untuk mendukung program pembangunan berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: Kualitas Air, Metode STORET, Sub DAS Martapura. Numerous anthropogenic activities like industrial and domestic waste disposal into the waters causes decreasing water quality, as is the case in the Martapura sub-watershed, Banjar Regency.  This should be watched out for considering waste will affect environmental quality and resource capacity development in context of sustainable development.The research purpose was to determine the water quality affected by waste, using it as an indicator of sustainable development planning in the Martapura sub-watershed specifically. The research location was the Martapura sub-watershed with 4 sampling points based on the presence of dominant waste source. River water quality was measured based on physical and chemical parameters. Quality analysis and determination of water quality status was done using the STORET method. The results are (1)The physico-chemical parameters of waters affected by pollution in the Martapura sub-watershed, Banjar Regency, especially: DO, BOD, COD, pH and temperature at several observation stations have exceeded the Class II river water quality standard according to Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. (2)The results of the calculation of water quality status in the Martapura sub-watershed show a total score of-18. Martapura sub-watershed waters condition showed the need for integrated mitigation and adaptation of environmental pollution impacts to support sustainable development programs. Keywords: Martapura Sub-Watershed, STORET Method, Water Quality.

Minimnya informasi mengenai lahan pekarangan di pesisir pantai Kabupaten Tanah Laut serta terbatasnya pengetahuan penduduk lokal dalam mengenal berbagai jenis tanaman berkhasiat obat pada pekarangan berdampak terhadap diabaikannya peran tanaman obat di pekarangan dan tingginya biaya pemeliharaan penduduk lokal untuk kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji perbandingan luas pekarangan dan menggali informasi kearifan lokal berbagai jenis tanaman obat dari lima desa di Pesisir Pantai Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan jenis-jenis tanaman obat serta wawancara pengetahuan penduduk lokal dalam memanfaatkan pekarangannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata luas pekarangan rumah tertinggi di Desa Takisung (212 m 2 ) dan terendah di Desa Sungai Bakau (49,1 m 2 ). Perbandingan luas ideal (2:3) antara pekarangan dengan rumah ditemukan di Desa Batakan dan Desa Sungai Rasau. Jumlah jenis tanaman obat pada pekarangan berkisar dari 30 -52 jenis dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) terbanyak adalah mangga, pisang talas, singkong, karet dan kelapa. Indeks diversitas tanaman obat pada pekarangan menunjukkan nilai bervariasi, tertinggi di Desa Sungai Rasau (1,390) dan terendah di Desa Sungai Bakau (1,130). Dalam hal ini, potensi terbaik pengembangan tanaman obat pada pekarangan berada di Desa Takisung berdasarkan parameter keanekaragaman jenis tanaman obat dan tipe pekarangan rumahnya.

<p><em>Abstrak</em>  - <strong>Kajian ekologi</strong> <strong>hewan eksotik seperti ikan Timpakul pada </strong><strong>ekosistem mangrove penting digali selain memperkaya pengetahuan juga menjadi landasan pengelolaan biodiversitas secara keseluruhan. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan kelimpahan dan morfologi ikan Timpakul (Famili: <em>Gobiidae</em>) pada dua tipe ekosistem mangrove di Muara Kuala Tambangan dan Pantai Pagatan Besar, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan. Survei data dan penangkapan ikan menggunakan jaring 1 meter x 10 meter dengan 10 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan tiga jenis ikan Timpakul yakni: <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, Periophthalmodon schlosseri, dan Boleophthalmus boddarti</em>. Vegetasi <em>Rhizophora</em> sp.  dan <em>Bruguiera</em>sp. dominan pada Muara Kuala Tambangan (65,8% dan 34,2%), sedangkan di Pantai Pagatan Besar didominasi <em>Bruguiera</em> Sp. (50,8%)dan <em>Avicennia </em>sp. (49,2%). Persentase kehadiran <em>Boleopthalmus pectinirostris </em>tertinggi di Pantai Pagatan Besar (64%), sedangkan di Muara Kuala Tambangan lebih dominan <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti </em>(71,11%). Berdasarkan lima karakter utama morfologi terpilih (SL=panjang standar</strong><strong>, HL=panjang kepala</strong><strong>, FDFB=Panjang dasar sirip dorsal pertama</strong><strong>, SDFB=Panjang dasar sirip dorsal kedu</strong><strong>a, dan VFL=Panjang Sirip Ventral </strong><strong>: satuan mm), rerata tertinggi </strong><strong>dijumpai pada <em>Periophthalmodon schlosseri </em>(SL=167,50</strong><strong>:HL=46,67</strong><strong>:FDFB=22,17</strong><strong>: SDFB=35,33 dan VFL=24,17</strong><strong>), disusul <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris</em> (SL=131,89</strong><strong>:HL=31,22</strong><strong>: FDFB=21,67</strong><strong>:SDFB=49,67 dan VFL=17,11) </strong><strong>kemudian yang terakhir <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti</em> (SL=130,55</strong><strong>:HL=30,64</strong><strong>:FDFB=18,27</strong><strong>:SDFB=52,73 dan VFL=16,73). Persentase rerata kandungan substrat (pasir:debu:liat) di Muara Kuala Tambangan 17,26</strong><strong>%:77,52</strong><strong>%:5,21</strong><strong>% sedangkan di Pantai Pagatan Besar perbandingannya adalah 3,52</strong><strong>%: 85,46</strong><strong>%:11,03</strong><strong>%.</strong></p><p><em>Abstract -</em> <strong>Ecological studies of exotic animals such as Timpakul fish </strong><strong>(Family of Gobiidae) in mangrove ecosystems </strong><strong>is important to enriching </strong><strong>the knowledge and </strong><strong>for the overall </strong><strong>of biodiversity management. The purpose of this study was to compare the abundance and morphology of Timpakul fish in two types of mangrove ecosystems</strong><strong>. especially in </strong><strong>the Village of Kuala Tambangan and Pagatan Besar, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan. Survey data and fishing</strong><strong> was </strong><strong>used by 1 meter x 10 meters </strong><strong>of nets with 10 replications. </strong><strong>Its found </strong><strong>about three types of Timpakul fish</strong><strong>, ie: <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, Periophthalmodon schlosseri,</em> <em>and Boleophthalmus boddarti</em>. <em>Rhizophora</em> sp. </strong><strong>and <em>Bruguiera</em></strong><strong> Sp. </strong><strong>types vegetation </strong><strong>were dominant</strong><strong>ly in Kuala Tambangan estuary (65.8% and 34.2%), while in Pagatan Besar </strong><strong>beach</strong><strong> it is dominated by <em>Bruguiera </em>Sp. (50.8%) and <em>Avicennia</em> sp. (49.2%). The highest percentage </strong><strong>attendance in Pagatan Besar Beach </strong><strong>is found for <em>Boleopthalmus pectinirostris</em> (64%), while in Kuala Tambangan </strong><strong>Estuary</strong><strong> was dominant</strong><strong>ly by <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti</em> (71.11%). Based on the five main morphological characters (SL=standard length, HL=head length, FDFB=first dorsal fin base, SDFB=second dorsal fin base length, and VFL=Ventral fin length: </strong><strong>in mm </strong><strong>of unit), </strong><strong>so the highest average was found in <em>Periophthalmodon schlosseri</em> (SL=167.50:HL=46.67:FDFB=22.17:SDFB=35.33 and VFL = 24.17)</strong><strong>. It is followed by <em>Boleophthalmus pectinirostris</em> (SL = 131.89: HL = 31.22: FDFB = 21.67: SDFB = 49.67 and VFL = 17.11). Then the</strong><strong> lowest </strong><strong>is <em>Boleophthalmus boddarti</em> (SL = 130.55: HL = 30.64: FDFB = 18.27: SDFB = 52.73 and VFL = 16, 73). </strong><strong>Substrate content (sand: dust: clay) </strong><strong>percentage </strong><strong>average in Kuala Tambangan estuary </strong><strong>is 17.26%:77.52%:5.21% while in Pagatan Beach the ratio is 3.52%: 85.46%: 11.03%</strong><strong>.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> -<em> </em><em>Abundance, Mangrove, Morphology, Mudskipper</em></p><p> </p>

Phosphorus compound in the critical land is relatively low that caused phosphorus is bonded to metals. The isolate BRC-AP and BRC-AK are a phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) indigenous critical land that has the ability to dissolve phosphate. The used of phosphate solubilizing bacteria are able to improve plant growth on critical lands. The aimed of this study was to measure the growth rate of shoot length, root length and biomass of root, and leaf cuttings elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. King Grass) which inocu-lated with the consortium of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and IAA producing mold. Phosphate dissolving activity is determined by the formation of clear zone in solid Pikovskaya medium, synergism assay between bacteria and fungi observed on SDA medium then proceed testing the ability of bacteria and fungi consortium to promote plant growth. The result showed that the highest of phosphate solubility in-dex was found in isolate BRC-AP (27), addition of the combination of isolate BRC-AP, BRC-AK and Humicola sp. R.Dn have significant effect on shoot growth in the first week and leaf dry weight. The high-est length shoot of cutting elephant grass was found in treatment with the consortium of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and IAA producing mold (BRC-AP + BRC-AK + KP) (58.66 cm). The highest of leaf dry weight was found in treatment with BRC-AP + BRC-AK + KP (5.65 gr). The addition of consortium phosphate solubilizing bacteria and IAA producing fungi from South Kalimantan critical land proved can improve plant growth especially length shoot and leaf dry weight.