Indonesia has the world's country second largest forest biodiversity, with 28,000 plant species, of which 2,500 species, including Castanopsis costata, commonly known as "Cep-cepan", are used as medicine. 9-10 C. costata belongs to the Fagaceae family and has been known to exhibit therapeutic activities, for instance, anti-fever, digestive issue alleviation, and analgesic properties. 11 According to previous studies, C. costata exhibits numerous biological properties, including antioxidant activity, 12 antiinflammatory activity, 13 and antimalaria activity. 10 Furthermore, in North Sumatra, the plant is frequently used to treat diabetes, however, there are no studies confirming this practice. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the extract and fractions of C. costata leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant material collection and preparationAbout 10 kg of fresh C. costata leaves were collected in Pancur Batu Districts, North Sumatra, and transported to the Central Laboratory, Buana Perjuangan Karawang University for cleaning, air drying, milling, and extraction. The Herbarium Unit of the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Padjadjaran later recognized the plant as C. costata (Code: 219/HB/04/2017). Reagents and instrumentsThis study induced diabetes in Swiss albino mice using alloxan monohydrate (Sigma Chemical

Background:Recently, emulgel has emerged as a potential hydrophobic drug delivery method. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the phytochemical content of Oryza sativa extract and develop an emulgel formulation using Carbapol 940 as a gelling agent. Materials and Methods: The emulsion was placed in a gel basis after preparation and the formulations were evaluated for their rheology, pH, spreading coefficient, stability, and sun protection factor. Then, phytochemical analysis of O. sativa extract was used to determine the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, quinones, monoterpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids, as well as triterpenoids and steroids. Results: The entire formulations of O. sativa emulgel extract filled the emulgel formulation criteria. Furthermore, O. sativa emulgel protects against UV radiation, as indicated by the SPF value in each formulation, which increases as the dose of O. sativa extract increases. Based on the results, formulations 2 and 3 have an SPF of 5.71±0.063 and 16.07±0.072, respectively. These suggest that they both fill the Indonesian National Standard, which requires a sunscreen preparation with a minimum of four protection. Conclusion: Consequently, O. sativa emulgel extract can serve as a novel sunscreen agent against UV radiation. However, further study is required to ascertain the mechanism of action of the active chemicals found in O. sativa that function as an antioxidant and give protection against UV radiation.

Aims: This study aims to test the antioxidant activity of red and purple H. sabdariffa flower petals extract and conduct qualitative phytochemical screening. Study Design: Antioxidant potential of red and purple H. sabdariffa flower petal extract analyzed by spectrometric assays. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at School of Pharmacy Muhammadiyah Cirebon, Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia from the year of 2020 to 2021. Methodology: Red and purple H. sabdariffa petals extracted with 70% ethanol. The extract was then examined for its antioxidant activity using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method, after the qualitative phytochemical screening. Results: In this study, the concentration of red and purple H. sabdariffa petals extract dependently demonstrated the ability to scavenge DPPH. In the DPPH radical scavenging activity test, the red and purple H. sabdariffa petasl extracts designating IC50 values of 63.77 and 37.19 µg/ml and fall into the category of strong and very strong antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, phytochemical screening tests showed the existence of flavonoids and polyphenols in the extract of red and purple H. sabdariffa petals. Conclusion: This study shows that the red and purple H. sabdariffa petals extract has potential as a promising natural antioxidant agent for the treatment of oxidative stress.

Kemangi (Ocimum x africanum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki senyawa antibakteri mampu menghambat penyumbatan bahan keratin pada lapisan pilosebaseus yang dipicu oleh bakteri jerawat yaitu Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan ekstrak etanol daun kemangi menjadi sediaan serum antijerawat dan uji evaluasi fisik yang meliputi uji organoleptik, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, homogenitas serta uji aktivitas antibakteri pada sediaan serum antijerawat dengan variasi konsentrasi F1 (1,25%), F2 (2,5%) dan F3 (5%). Uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan serum antijerawat dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan cara sumuran. Hasil penelitian pada sediaan serum antijerawat ekstrak etanol daun kemangi memiliki nilai F1= 10,2 mm F2= 14,4 mm dan F3= 17,4 mm. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan serum antijerawat yang memenuhi persyaratan sifat fisik dan yang memiliki efektivitas antibakteri yang terbaik adalah F3 (5%) memiliki warna hijau bau khas kemangi dan tekstur liquid dengan nilai pH= 5,04, viskositas= 1996, daya sebar= 5,3 dan homogen dengan zona hambat sebesar 17,4 mm yang menunjukan bahwa sediaan serum antijerawat ekstrak etanol daun kemangi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri termasuk kedalam zona hambat kuat.

Kulit yang sehat dapat mencerminkan kesehatan seseorang. Menjadikan kulit sehat, bersih dan cerah merupakan idaman semua orang terutama pada wanita. Antioksidan melindungi tubuh dari kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Radikal bebas dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel seperti mengalami kulit keriput, timbul flek hitam, dan wajah kusam. Virgin Coconut Oil mengandung asam lemak jenuh yaitu asam kaproat, asam kaprilat, asam kaprat, asam laurat (±53%), asam miristat dan tokoferol (0,5 mg/100g), dan kombinasi asam askorbat dengan α-tocopherol untuk menambah efektifitas whitening pada sheet mask. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat sheet mask dengan sifat fisik yang baik, formulasi dibuat dengan konsentrasi zat aktif yang berbeda dan dilakukan uji sifat fisik meliputi uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji viskositas, uji iritasi. Hasil uji organoleptik dan uji homogenitas masing-masing formulasi memiliki warna putih, bau khas sakura, memiliki tekstur semi cair dan uji homogenitas dapat dikatakan homogen, hasil uji viskositas (F1) 244,4 ± 27,5 cps (F2) 242,1 ± 12,8 cps, (F3) 261,4 ± 29,6 hasil uji pH (F1) 5,81 ± 0,047 (F2) 5,39 ± 0,049 (F3) 5,28 ± 0,043 masing-masing formulasi sudah optimal sesuai dengan kriteria yang ada, dan hasil uji iritasi dari 40 panelis tidak terjadi iritasi hal ini disebabkan karena pH sediaan masih dalam rentang  pH kulit  yaitu 4-6. Kata kunci: Virgin Coconut Oil, Sheet mask, α-tocopherol, Asam askorbat.