ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: PandemiCovid-19 yang sedang terjadi disebabkan oleh adanya proses mutasi dari virus SARS-CoV menjadi sangat infeksius, pasien dalam masa inkubasi dan asimptomatis dapat menyebarkan virus. Penggunaan masker menjadi kebijakan yang telah diterapkan hampir diseluruh dunia (universal masking), salah satunya masker kain untuk masyarakat umum. Tujuan: Ketidakpastian seputar efektivitas dan dampak masker kain buatan sendiri pada transmisi Covid-19, maka tim penulis akan memberikan tinjauan terkait efektivitas penggunaan berbagai jenis masker. Metode: Proses tinjauan dilakukan dengan mencari berbagai artikel melalui basis data sejak Juli -Agustus 2020. Pencarian diperoleh dari berbagai basis data seperti: PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, dan Google Scholar dengan rentang publikasi artikel antara tahun 2010-2020. Tidak ada upaya dari penulis untuk mencari secara spesifik artikel-artikel tidak terpublikasi. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah "mask and COVID-19 DAN "utility and mask and COVID-19" DAN "effectiveness. Hasil: Masker N95 dan masker bedah memiliki efektifitas di atas 90%. Jenis masker kain yang dianjurkan adalah masker kain 3 lapis (lapisan dalam dari bahan penyerap seperti kapas, lapisan tengah dari bahan bukan tenunan seperti polypropylene, dan lapisan luar dari bahan non-penyerap, seperti campuran poliester atau poliester). Penggunaan masker pada anak-anak harus dibawah pengawasan, berbagai studi melaporkan adanya potensi gangguan pernafasan pada anak bila menggunakan masker.

Various psychological disorders have been reported and published during the Covid-19 outbreak, one of which is stress. Stress is not only felt by the community, even health workers and everyone who works in the medical field. Psychological disorders have a wider and longer-lasting impact compared to physical injuries, while attention to mental health is far less. The purpose of this systematic review is to provide clinical evidence and input for increasing vigilance and self-management to avoid stress during the Covid-19 pandemic. A total of 10 articles from various databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, NIH, CDC, and Science Direct involving 5925 health workers and 8770 people from various countries have been reported in this systematic review. Factors causing stress on health workers include: workload, fear of being infected with Covid-19, negative stigma of a virus carrier and being away from the family. Factors causing stress to society include: alcohol consumption, workload from home, income, sex, food limitations, and fears of being infected.

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Background: Globally, it is estimated that one in five children will fail to grow or be known as stunting in 2020. In Indonesia based on Nutritional Status Monitoring (PSG) data for the past three years. The prevalence of short-term toddlers has increased from 2016 to 27.5% to 29.6% in 2017. Method: The interaction between environment and nutrition, especially food insecurity presents interesting dynamics that can be studied further. In this review, the authors are interested in providing scientific evidence-based information about the effects of food and environmental vulnerability factors on the incidence of stunting. Search for published articles is done through databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCO), the official website of national health organizations, online libraries, and the UNICEF library from February 10 to March 25, 201. Result: Stunting AND Risk Factors, Factors affecting stunting, Stunting AND food insecure, stunting AND environment factors, Stunting AND Indonesia. Inclusion criteria were systematic reviews, clinical reviews, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, clinical studies, health reports, and program guidelines. Conclusion: Factors influencing stunting including: food insecurity increases the risk of stunting (OR = 1.17 95% CI: 1.09-1.25) and less weight (OR = 1.17 95% CI: 1.01-1.36). lack of sanitation, flooring type and mycotoxin exposure in the form of AF-alb.

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