According to Indonesia Foundation Law, No. 16/ 2001, as amended by Law No. 28/2001, article 1(1) stipulates that Foundation is a legal entity that has separated assets to achieve specific objectives in the social, religious, and humanitarian fields, which has no members. Importantly, this regulation has required a Foundation to have legal entities status. In fact, some Foundations in Indonesia have existed, and continuously functioning performs business activity without having legal entities status. This phenomenon should be banned as clearly regulated in the Law that foundations shall not be drawn on as platforms of business unless through other business entities. Keywords: Foundation, Articles of Association.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan kebijakan aplikatif penyidikan dan penuntutan tindak pidana korupsi. Peneltian ini adalah penelitian hukum yuridis empiris. Penelitian dilakukan di dilakukan di Kejaksaan Negeri Paser. Data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriktif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi kebijakan aplikatif penyidikan dan penuntutan tindak pidana korupsi di Kejaksaan Negeri Paser perlu diuraikan secara spesifik terkait karakteristik Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang dapat dihentikan sehingga diperlukan Surat Edaran yang secara khusus mengatur terkait kebijakan aplikatif Penyidikan dan Penuntutan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan mengatur batasan-batasan dalam mekanisme pelaksanaanya seperti pelaku baru pertama kali melakukan tindak pidana korupsi, mempertimbangkan nilai kerugian negara yang ditimbulkan, dan bukan merupakan tindak pidana korupsi yang berdampak sistemik langsung ke masyarakat serta tidak bersifat still going on (tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan terus menerus atau berkelanjutan) yang dapat menjadi pedoman dan tolak ukur untuk melaksanakan kebijakan aplikatif Penyidikan dan Penuntutan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam hal penghentian perkara dengan adanya pengembalian kerugian negara.

Due to the uncertainty of forest areas in Indonesia, it often creates conflicts with various parties with an interest in forest areas, such as communities, institutions that have forestry business permits, and the government. Changes in forest area occur from time to time due to forest conversion for non-forestry sector development, encroachment, and forest fire. The government has issued Government Regulation Number 23 of 2021 about forest administration in relation to this issue. However, the law has not been effective in safeguarding forests from damage caused by humans, fires, natural disasters, pests, and diseases, nor has it preserved and protected state, community, and individual rights to wooded property. The method utilized in this study is empirical legal research employing sociological, conceptual, and statutory approaches. The specific objective of this research is to identify an ideal concept for forest utilization that is pro-environment, pro-development, and people-centered so that sustainable development-supporting forestry policies can be considered. The findings of the study reveal that sustainable forest management is largely dependent on the diversity and quality of enabling policies, as well as the legal and institutional conditions that serve as the basis for good forest governance. Forest management relies heavily on the collaboration between the government, the commercial sector, and the community.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan hukum pidana yang menghambat penerapan status darurat kesehatan masyarakat pada saat diselenggarakan kekarantinaan kesehatan dan menganalisis sistem pemidanaan yang ideal untuk diterapkan bagi pelaku tindak pidana kekarantinaan kesehatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara teoretis kebijakan hukum pidana dalam darurat kesehatan masyarakat sulit untuk diterapkan. Substansi Pasal 93 UU Kekarantinaan Kesehatan memuat 2 (dua) jenis delik, yaitu delik formil dan delik materiel. Namun, terdapat penggunaan kata yang masih abstrak di antaranya: perbuatan “menghalang-halangi” serta menempatkan “kedaruratan kesehatan” sebagai “sebab” dalam peraturan tersebut merupakan sebuah kerancuan. Seharusnya rumusan kausalitas pidana dalam sebuah produk hukum pidana dirumuskan sesuai dengan konsepsi awalnya. Oleh karena itu, rumusan delik yang abstrak atau luas akan menghasilkan ketidakpastian hukum, berpotensi tidak dapat diterapkan, dan bertentangan dengan penafsiran yang menyatakan bahwa hukum pidana harus ditafsirkan secara sempit. Merujuk pada keadaan tersebut, maka sistem pemidanaan yang ideal diterapkan ketika terjadi pelanggaran penyelenggaraan kekarantinaan kesehatan, yaitu sistem pemidanaan yang bersifat restoratif dan integratif.Kata kunci: Pandemi Covid-19, Kekarantinaan Kesehatan, Kebijakan Hukum Pidana AbstractThis study aims to determine the legal policy policies that apply Law Number 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine and analyze the ideal punishment system to be applied to health quarantine crimes. The research method used, namely normative research through an invited approach (statute approach). The results show that legal policies in public health emergencies are difficult to implement. The substance of Article 93 of the Health Quarantine Law contains 2 types of offenses, namely formal offenses and material offenses. However, there is a use of the word which is still abstract beside: the act of "obstructing" and placing "health emergency" as "cause" in the regulation is a confusion. The formulation of criminal causality in a criminal law product should be formulated in accordance with its initial conception. Therefore, the abstract or broad formulation of offenses will provide legal uncertainty, which cannot be applied, and contradicts the interpretation which states that criminal law must be interpreted narrowly. Referring to this situation, the ideal punishment system is applied when implementing health quarantine, namely a restorative and integrative system of punishment.Keywords: Covid-19 Pandemic, Health Quarantine Act, Penal Policy

This study aims to determine the factors causing the crime of destruction of company assets owned by PT. SEKO POWER PRIMA related to the hydropower development plan in the Seko sub-district and to find out the efforts that the authorities can take in dealing with the crime of destroying company assets belonging to PT. PRIMA POWER SEKO. This research was conducted in North Luwu Regency, especially North Luwu Police Station and Seko District. The research method used in data collection is field research and library research. The study's results indicate that (1) the factors causing the crime of destruction of company assets owned by PT. Seko Power Prima is related to the hydropower development plan in Seko District generally due to several factors, namely the fear of losing cultural sites, provocation factors, lack of security factors, fear of population relocation, economic and educational factors, and coercion of will (2) Countermeasures carried out by the authorities law enforcement is a repressive effort as well as a pre-emptive effort.