Periconia is filamentous fungi belonging to the Periconiaceae family, and over the last 50 years, the genus has shown interest in natural product exploration for pharmacological purposes. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the different species of Periconia containing natural products such as terpenoids, polyketides, cytochalasan, macrosphelides, cyclopentenes, aromatic compounds, and carbohydrates carbasugar derivates. The isolated compound of this kind, which was reported in 1969, consisted of polyketide derivatives and their structures and was determined by chemical reaction and spectroscopic methods. After some years, 77 compounds isolated from endophytic fungus Periconia were associated with eight plant species, 28 compounds from sea hare Aplysia kurodai, and ten from endolichenic fungi Parmelia sp. The potent pharmacological agents from this genus are periconicin A, which acts as an antimicrobial, pericochlorosin B as an anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), peribysin D, and pericosine A as cytotoxic agents, and periconianone A as an anti-inflammatory agent. Furthermore, information about taxol and piperine from Periconia producing species was also provided. Therefore, this study supports discovering new drugs produced by the Periconia species and compares them for future drug development.

Delignification is a lignin degradation, a preliminary process in industries that used cellulose containing substrates. Sengon logs are often used for the material in pulp industry because it has high levels of cellulose and low level of lignin. The aim of this study was delignification of sengon logs by using T.versicolor. The methods used include observation growth of T.versicolor compared with Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the rate of of lignin degradation (black liquor), delignification of sengon logs using T.versicolor and the chemical assay of sengon logs before and after delignification. The results of this study showed that delignification by T.versicolor was faster compared to P.chrysosporium based on the rate of lignin degradation (black liquor). The result showed that delignification by T.versicolor at room temperature reduced lignin of sengon logs by 37.31% within 20 days. Chemical assay performed on delignified sengon wood showed decreased level of ethanol benzene, soluble extractive substances, holocellulose, and cellulose and an increase of hemicellulose level.

Senyawa asam laktat sangat dibutuhkan di dunia industri. Namun produksi dengan menggunakan mikrob masih menggunakan bahan pangan sebagai substratnya. Alternatif substrat untuk produksi asam laktat  sebagai pengganti penggunaan bahan pangan  sangat diperlukan industri. Tetes tebu merupakan salah satu substrat yang kaya akan sumber  karbon yang dapat digunakan sebagai komponen media pertumbuhan bakteri. Ketersediaannya melimpah dan harganya murah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah tetes tebu dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif  sumber karbon bakteri Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus untuk menghasilkan asam laktat. Langkah penelitian ini meliputi hidrolisis dan detoksifikasi tetes tebu, uji kualitatif gula pereduksi tetes tebu, analisis gula total dengan metode fenol sulfat, penentuan kurva pertumbuhan bakteri, produksi dan ekstraksi asam laktat, serta analisis kualitatif asam laktat dengan menggunakan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tetes tebu dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber karbon. Hal ini terbukti bakteri dapat tumbuh dengan baik ketika media diberi 0.5% tetes tebu. Konsentrasi gula total tetes tebu adalah 1090 g/L. Uji gula pereduksi menunjukkan hasil yang positif untuk uji Selliwanof, uji Benedict, dan uji Barfoed. Pertumbuhan optimum L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus terjadi pada suhu 42°C dengan agitasi 150 rpm. Produksi asam laktat dilakukan selama 24 jam. Kadar asam laktat yang dihasilkan sebesar 2.80% dengan biomassa sel kering sebesar 0.002 g/L dan pH media fermentasi sebesar 4.0. Hasil analisis kualitatif kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi juga menunjukkan bahwa produk dari hasil fermentasi adalah asam laktat.Abstract. Lactic acid is needed as an industrial feed. However, by using a microbial production still uses food material as a substrate. Alternative substrates for the production of lactic acid is needed in industry. Molasses are potential substrates due to the richness in carbon. Molasses also widely available and low-cost material. The objective of the research is molasses can be used as a carbon source needed by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus to produce lactic acid. This study consisted of  hydrolysis and detoxification of molasses, analysis qualitative test of reducing sugar from molasses, analysis of total sugar by phenol sulfuric acid, determination of bacterial growth, production and extraction of lactic acid, and analysis of lactic acid using high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that molasses can be used as an alternative carbon source as indicated by growth of  bacteria when the media were given 0.5% molasses. Concentration of total sugar molasses was 1090 g/L. The reducing sugar test showed positive results for the Selliwanoff, Benedict, and Barfoed tests. The optimum of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus growth was at temperature of 42° C and 150 rpm of agitation. Production of lactic acid was conducted in 24 hours. The result of lactic acid from the production was 2.80%. The dry cell biomass was 0.002 g/ L at pH of  fermentation media was 4.0. Analysis HPLC also showed that lactic acid was the product of fermentation.

Abstrak Kanker adalah penyakit degeneratif dengan kasus yang makin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Menurut WHO (World Health Organization) (2003) kasus kanker dunia diprediksi akan mengalami peningkatan 50% menjadi 15 juta kasus pada tahun PENDAHULUAN Kanker merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang mematikan. Menurut WHO (World Health Organization) (2003) kasus kanker dunia diprediksi akan mengalami peningkatan 50% menjadi 15 juta kasus pada tahun 2020. Sebagian besar penyakit kanker disebabkan oleh lingkungan dan gaya hidup. Faktor