Herein, inspired by previous reports on the electrochemical reduction of Al in diverse electrolyte systems, we describe a novel Al-containing solvate ionic liquid (2:1 (mol/mol) mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and AlCl 3 ) that allows low-temperature electrochemical deposition of Al and features the advantages of low cost, ease of preparation, and high electrochemical stability. Electrodeposition of Al-Li alloy and Li can also be realized in this system. Additionally, the above ionic liquid exhibited a saturated vapor pressure of 0.0012 kPa and a conductivity of 1.32 mS/cm at 298 K, which was acceptable for practical applications. To elucidate the electrochemical deposition mechanism, the ionic components of the 2:1 EC/AlCl 3 system were characterized by a range of instrumental analysis techniques and theoretical calculations, and Lewis-acidic cations were identified as the electroactive species for Al electrodeposition. Notably, an Al-Li alloy could be obtained by co-deposition in the new solvate ionic liquid, and Li metal could also be electrodeposited on a high-purity Al plate in the form of Al 4 Li 9 and Li 3 Al 2 under ambient conditions using LiCl as a Li source. Al-containing solvate ionic liquids, which to an extent evolved from organic-salts, are of increasing interest. They are expected to gain more attention in the field of electrochemical metallurgy of active metals, due to their higher tunability and lower price.
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Low‐temperature electrochemical extraction of active metals from their corresponding chlorides in ionic liquids has long been a scientific challenge, while extraction from oxides is even more difficult. Inspired by previous reports of the electrochemical deposition of various non‐active metals from their corresponding oxides in diverse ionic liquids, we demonstrate the successful electrodeposition of active Li on high‐purity Al‐plate substrates at relatively low temperature (353 K), as confirmed by X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, Al−Li alloy nanosheets can also be obtained on the Al surface by solid‐state cathode alloying. The Li source was Li2O, which was dissolved in a highly stable Al‐containing solvate ionic liquid. The dissolution mechanism and electrodeposition behaviour of Li2O were investigated using multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, theoretical calculations, and electrochemical techniques. The findings are expected to provide a theoretical basis and method for low‐temperature electrochemical extraction of active metals from their oxides.
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