The concept of psychic distance has gained widespread theoretical recognition as a predictor of export behaviour. However, the empirical validation of the concept remains patchy and contradictory in terms of the results obtained. Consequently, this paper attempts to shed fresh light on the empirical usefulness of the psychic distance concept. First, a wider assessment base is offered through the development of two new US samples. Subsequently, the US findings are compared with previous empirical evidence from Japan, Germany, Finland and Austria. Taken collectively, the results call into question the practical value of the current operationalisation of psychic distance in explaining export behaviour and provide pointers for required conceptual and measurement improvements.
The aim of this paper is to shed light on consumers’ concurrent ownership of original and counterfeit versions of a brand, a phenomenon that is lively in the global market place but has thus far failed to attract adequate research attention. Using findings from eight focus group discussions, this paper investigates the relationships consumers have with brands and counterfeits when they own both at the same time, based on different object‐, self‐, and other‐centered engagements. Subsequently, three distinct consumer segments were identified that vary in their relationship trajectories over time. Along three established phases, a decline in purchasing of counterfeits can be observed; between Phases 1 and 2, this is due largely to negative emotional aspects, while making the transition to Phase 3 is always induced by a conflict with the social self. In all three segments the gap between the perceived and ideal social self widens, yet, once again, there are differences in the coping strategies.
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