No abstract

Abstract-This paper considers the problem of eco-driving for electric cars. This problem is formulated as an Optimal Control Problem (OCP) aiming at minimizing the vehicle's energy consumption over fixed time and distance horizons. The impact of battery parameter variations and auxiliary power demands on the optimal vehicle velocity computation are studied from a model complexity viewpoint. Simulation results are presented and discussed to illustrate the suggested simplifications.

Abstract-In this paper, two simplified methods based on Dynamic Programming (DP) to solve an Eco-driving problem for a conventional vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine are studied. The first method is based on the transformation of a time-based Optimal Control Problem (OCP) into a distance-based OCP while the second is based on solving the time-based OCP directly. The Pontryagin Minimum Principle (PMP) is used to decrease the complexity of the OCP formulation. Based on simulations, the two methods are compared in terms of optimality (fuel consumption) and the time needed to run the DP. The impact of the mesh choice on the optimality of the solution is also investigated.

In this paper, the problem of eco-driving for a conventional vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine is studied. The associated optimal control problem is formulated and solved using Dynamic Programming (DP). The impact of the mesh choice on the optimality of the DP solution is investigated in order to find a trade-off between the optimality of the DP solution and its computation time. The eco-driving speed trajectories obtained were tested on a high-frequency HIL (Hardware-In-theLoop) engine test bench to quantify the real reductions in fuel consumption. Simulations and experiments are compared.

International audienceBecause of more and more stringent vehicle emission standards, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) are developed. Gasoline-HEV are equipped with 3-Way Catalytic Converter (3WCC). So the energy management systems of such vehicles , which must reduce not only fuel consumption, but also vehicle pollutant emissions, have to consider the 3WCC heating. A pollutant constrained energy management strategy is presented. A 3WCC multi-0D model is built from physical equations, with a good complexity-performances compromise. An off-line optimal strategy allows the joint minimization of pollution and fuel consumption with only one parameter to tune, while considering all the standardized pollutant emissions. This strategy reduces significantly the vehicle emissions for a minor fuel consumption increase and leads to define 3WCC smart heating. Thus an on-line smart heating strategy is implemented in a HyHIL (Hybrid Hardware In the Loop) test bench, reducing the pollutant emissions of the classical charge sustaining strategy by 30 % for CO and 10 % for N O X