Kalanchoe pinnata also known as Bryophyllum pinnatum and commonly referred to as Life or Miracle plant is used in traditional medicine in some parts of Nigeria. The stem-bark of the plant was extracted with 70% ethanol and the crude extract evaluated for its phytochemical constituents as well as pharmacological activities. The phytochemical profile showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, steroids/terpenes and tannins while the quantitative analysis gave the phenolics content to be 5.538 ± 0.005 mg gallic acid equivalent, flavonoid content as 0.242 ± 0.001 mg quercetin equivalent and tannin content as 0.019 ± 0.001 mg tannic acid equivalent per gram of extract. The scavenging activity on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical showed that the plant exhibited higher antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 40.56 and 37.28 µg/ml for ascorbic acid and the extract respectively. The antimicrobial activity results showed that the extract inhibited the growth of micro-organisms such as Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Aspergillus niger; while the extract was inactive against Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans. These results give scientific evidence for the use of the plant in folk medicine.

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In a bid to ascertain the quality of water for human consumption in Kashere Metropolis, essential physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on samples of drinking water obtained from boreholes, pond and wells located at densely populated areas, labelled as: Kashere cattle market Pond, KP; Kashere cottage Hospital Borehole, HB; Kashere Market Borehole, MB; Federal University, Kashere (FUK) campus Borehole, CB; Kashere cottage Hospital Well, HW; Kashere Market Well, MW and FUK campus Well, CW. Standard procedure for the determination of chemical and physical characteristics of the water samples were used. The results of the investigated parameters in the samples were as follows: ρH 6.61‒7.96, Turbidity 0.0‒2568 FTU, Electrical Conductivity 60.5‒1151 Mhocm-1, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 25.9‒518.0 mgL-1, Ca 0.0033‒0.5446 ppm, Mg 0.0793‒1.2215 ppm, Cd 0.0010‒0.0030 ppm, Zn 0.0024‒0.l054 ppm, Pb 0.0002‒0.0026 ppm and Fe 0.0044‒0.5649 ppm. Except for the concentration of Fe (in CB; 0.5649 ppm), all the analyzed minor and major cations in the water samples were in very low concentration and below the permissible limits of WHO standard guidelines values for drinking water.  It is recommended that, water from the pond should be properly treated before consumption due to its high turbidity.  Also periodic assessment of the quality of drinking water from these water sources should be conducted, to ascertain that they are not contaminated by either or both organic and inorganic pollutants.

In a bid to ascertain the quality of water for human consumption in Kashere Metropolis, essential physico-chemical parameters were evaluated on samples of drinking water obtained from boreholes, pond and wells located at densely populated areas, labelled as: Kashere cattle market Pond, KP; Kashere cottage Hospital Borehole, HB; Kashere Market Borehole, MB; Federal University, Kashere (FUK) campus Borehole, CB; Kashere cottage Hospital Well, HW; Kashere Market Well, MW and FUK campus Well, CW. Standard procedure for the determination of chemical and physical characteristics of the water samples were used. The results of the investigated parameters in the samples were as follows: ?H 6.61?7.96, Turbidity 0.0?2568 FTU, Electrical Conductivity 60.5?1151 Mhocm-1, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 25.9?518.0 mgL-1, Ca 0.0033?0.5446 ppm, Mg 0.0793?1.2215 ppm, Cd 0.0010?0.0030 ppm, Zn 0.0024?0.l054 ppm, Pb 0.0002?0.0026 ppm and Fe 0.0044?0.5649 ppm. Except for the concentration of Fe (in CB; 0.5649 ppm), all the analyzed minor and major cations in the water samples were in very low concentration and below the permissible limits of WHO standard guidelines values for drinking water.  It is recommended that, water from the pond should be properly treated before consumption due to its high turbidity.  Also periodic assessment of the quality of drinking water from these water sources should be conducted, to ascertain that they are not contaminated by either or both organic and inorganic pollutants.

Myosotis scorpioides L commonly called water forget-me-not or true forget-me-not has been claimed by Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMP) in Adamawa State to cure malaria. It is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the borage family (Boraginaceae). The present study was undertaken to scientifically verify the claimed ethnomedicinal use of the plant as antimalarial. The crude powdered sample (whole plant) of Myosotis scorpioides was extracted with methanol in a Soxhlet extractor. The concentrated extract was screened for the presence of secondary metabolites, tested for the median lethal dose (LD50) and antimalarial activity using Swiss albino mice. The result of the phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, terpenes, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and anthraquinones. The result of the suppressive test (early malaria infection) showed a significant percentage suppression compared to the control with values of 49.91%, 56.72%, and 65.63% at the doses of 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 250 mg/kg, respectively. The result of the prophylactic (residual malaria infection) tests showed a significant level of inhibition compared to the control (43.22%, 52.45%, and 85.70%) for the three doses. The curative (established malaria infection) tests also showed a significant level of parasite suppression compared to the control with percentage suppression of 66.73%, 70.20%, and 73.96% at 100, 150, and 250 mg/kg, respectively. The present study has validated the use of Myosotis scorpioides as remedy to malaria infection by the traditional medicine practitioners in Adamawa, State Nigeria.