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This letter reports power amplifiers for 77-GHz automotive radar applications in a 90-nm LP (low power) 1P6M CMOS technology. The three-stage single-ended PA has a 12.4 dB gain and a +9 1-dBm saturated output power and the two-stage differential PA has a 11.3 dB gain and a +11 4-dBm output power at in = 1 9 dBm. This is the first letter to report CMOS PA characteristics over full automotive temperature range ( 40 C to 125 C) at 77 GHz range.

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