Background
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) on the oral cavity by evaluating the oral findings in the patients who recovered after treatment.
Material and Methods
This study involved confirmed Covid-19 patients whose treatment completed at least two weeks ago. A questionnaire consist of eight parts was applied to explore the oral findings after Covid-19. Also stimulated salivary flow rate was evaluated with a salivary flow test.
Results
177 patients reached and 107 of them participate in the study. Regarding gender significant differences were found in terms of the presence of taste impairment after treatment (
p
=0.007), the degree of taste (
p
=0.021) and smell (
p
=0.010) impairment. 18 % (5/27) of the patients evaluated were showed hyposalivation. No significant differences were observed regarding salivary flow between males (mean±SD: 1.14±0.65) and females (mean±SD: 1.12±0.43), (
p
=0.928); among the patients having treatment at home (mean±SD: 1.03±0.48) or hospital (mean±SD: 1.33±0.65), (
p
=0.187). In some of the patients’ taste [15], smell [23] impairment, and xerostomia [43] still observed at least two weeks after the treatment is completed.
Conclusions
The most frequent finding in patients after the treatment was xerostomia. Taste and smell impairments were more frequently observed in females.
Key words:
Saliva, oral findings, hyposalivation, Covid-19.
Background
There is a lack of awareness regarding temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and its association with psychological and sociodemographic factors in the Turkish population. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between signs/symptoms of anxiety-depression, sociodemographic factors, parafunctional habits, bruxism, and the presence and severity of the symptoms of TMD in Turkish adults.
Methods
The participants completed an online questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions, the Fonseca Anamnestic Index, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4.
Results
The mean age of the 2580 participants was 35.29 ± 12.70 years, and 63.3% were women. The frequency of the participants who showed symptoms of TMD was 69.8%. The severity of TMD symptoms was significantly greater in participants who had signs/symptoms of anxiety and depression (p < 0.05). Sociodemographic and psychological data showed an association between the presence and severity of the symptoms of TMD and sex (OR 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–1.85), parafunctional habits (OR 2.64, 95% CI 2.36–2.99), bruxism (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.78–4.90), signs/symptoms of anxiety (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.76–3.00), and signs/symptoms of depression (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.48–2.42).
Conclusions
The results of the present study suggest that females and those who report bruxism, parafunctional habits, and signs/symptoms of anxiety-depression are more likely to show symptoms of TMD with different severity.
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