The use of fish waste as raw material in producing gelatin becomes important when it is related to the halal perspective. Sea bass skin contains high protein, especially collagen protein which can be used as the main component of edible film. An edible film made from gelatin of fish skin usually lacks water vapour transmission due to its hydrophilic properties. Modification of formula in producing an edible film from fish gelatin with the addition of lipid such palmitic acid (PA treatment) and soybean protein isolate (SPI treatment) can affect the characteristics of the edible film resulted. This study was aimed to evaluate the chemical (solubility, water vapour permeability) and physical characteristics (thickness, tensile strength, per cent elongation, SEM) of an edible film made from gelatin with the addition of palmitic acid and soybean protein isolate with different concentration. The results showed that edible films with SPI addition yield the best film thickness (<2.5 mm) while PA addition resulted in better tensile strength of the films (>3.92 MPa) according to the Japanese Industrial Standard. The per cent elongation of both films with PA (21.3-34.44%) and SPI (36.06-117.53%) addition decreased with increasing concentration, but SPI generally gave higher elongation compared to PA. The addition of SPI gave lower solubility and higher water vapour transmission values compared to PA, however, the addition of 4.5% of PA gave the lowest water vapour transmission (5.416 g/m2 h). Therefore, the best treatment in this study was concluded to be 4% of SPI addition based on the best thickness, per cent elongation, water vapour transmission and solubility results.
Antioxidants are compounds that have a molecular structure that can donate electrons to free radical molecules and can break the chain reaction of free radicals. This research was conducted to analyze the flavonoid content in the ethanol extract of ketepeng cina leaves and to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract and the fraction of the ketepeng cina leaves. This research is an experimental descriptive study. Ketepeng cina leaves were extracted using 96% ethanol, then partitioned using the liquid-liquid partition method. Flavonoid levels were determined using UV-VIS spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 435 nm. Antioxidant activity test using the ABTS method at a wavelength of 740 nm. The results showed that the flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of the ketepeng cina leaves was 11,054 ± 0.228 QE. The results of the antioxidant activity test of the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction with IC50 values were 23,709 ppm, 106,598 ppm, 14,534 ppm, and 49,844 ppm, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was indicated by the ethyl acetate fraction with an IC50 value of 14,534 ppm with very strong activity
Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik dan ditandai dengan kenaikan kadar glukosa dalam darah. Salah satu strategi penting dalam menurunkan kadar gula dalam darah adalah dengan menghambat enzim yang menghidrolisis karbohidrat seperti α-amilase. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efek penghambatan ekstrak batang kersen terhadap aktivitas enzimα-amilase sebagai kandidat anti diabetes. Hasil fraksi dari ekstrak etanol batang kersen tersebut dievaluasi potensi penghambatannya terhadap enzimα-amilase dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri Uv-Vis serta menggunakan amilum sebagai substrat dan dihitung nilai IC50 nya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol, ekstrak etil asetat dan ekstrak n-heksan yang diuji memiliki tidak memiliki kemampuan menghambat aktivitas enzim α-amilase. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan diperoleh nilai IC50 ekstrak 686,861 µg/mL, n-heksan 39,794 µg/mL, etil 762,968 µg/mL dan air 422,169 µg/mL. Tingkat kekuatan inhibisi terhadap enzim α-amilase ialah sangat aktif jika IC50 ≤ 25 μg/mL, aktif jika 25 μg/mL < IC50 ≤ 50 μg/mL, kurang aktif jika 50 μg/mL < IC50 ≤ 100 μg/mL dan tidak aktif jika IC50 > 100 μg/mL. Sehingga dapat diketahui bahwa ekstrak etanol akar kersen (Muntingia calabura L) dikategorikan tidak aktif sebagai inhibitor enzim α-amilase. Kata kunci: akar kersen, enzim, flavonoid, α-Amilase, fraksi
Rhyzopora stylosa atau sering disebut bakau kecil oleh masyarakat pesisir sering digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai macaam penyakit diantaranya diabetes, ulkus, diare analgetik, radang, nyeri dan mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kadar senyawa flavonoid dalam ekstrak etanol akar Rhyzopora stylosa dengan metode komplek AlCl3 dan aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode ABTS (2,2 azinobis (3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-asam sulfonat) dan FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) terhadap ekstrak etanol dan 3 fraksi akar Rhyzopora stylosa. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dengan etanol 96% sebagai pelarut. Fraksinasi dilakukan dengan partisi cair-cair dengan pelarut etanol, n-heksane dan etil asetat. Penetapan kadar flavonoid diukur dengan komplek AlCl3 dengan kuersetin sebagai baku pembanding. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode ABTS dan FRAP. Dari pengujian kadar flavonoid didapatkan hasil kadar flavonoid dalam ektrak etanol akar Rhyzopora stylosa sebesar 18.803 ± 0.198 QE. Aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode ABTS dan FRAP didapatkan fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dengan nilai masing-masing 18,553 ± 1,440 ppm dan 24.636 ± 0.128 mgAAE/g. Berdasarkan tabel aktivitas antioksidan fraksi etil asetat termasuk dalam kategori antioksidan yang sangat kuat karena kurang dari 50 ppm
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