Validity and reliability are the most important aspects to determine the quality of research conducted by researchers. This study aims to measure the validity and reliability of the communication barrier instrument in the learning process of orphanages during the pandemic. The instruments used in this study were 20 items. This research design applies a quantitative paradigm. The validity and reliability of the communication barrier instrument were measured by Rasch Model Analysis (RMA) using Winsteps version 3.71.0.1 software. The students involved in this study consisted of 380 students from orphanages in the city and district of Bogor. RMA analyzed six aspects in determining the instrument's stability: person and item reliability, item difficulty level, item polarity, misfit item, unidimensional, and person map item. Based on these seven aspects, the instrument used in this study was valid and reliable to measure students' communication barriers during the pandemic. The importance of valid and reliable instruments can be helpful to determine the condition of students during the learning process during the pandemic. The instruments are essential for parents and teachers to deal with student changes during the learning process. Public educators can use the implications of this research and interested people to measure the communication barrier condition of students of the process during the pandemic. Future studies are needed to conduct testing for all students, from elementary to higher education institutions with more comprehensive research sites.

Penyiaran radio merupakan kekuatan utama media untuk berbagai kepentingan. Acara-acara yang ditawarkan penyiaran radio mencerminkan need and wants mengikuti trend terkini di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana siaran talkshow Dinamika Bogor yang melibatkan Usaha Kecil Mikro di Radio RRI Bogor mampu memberikan ruang interaktif kepada pelaku usaha kecil, dampak siaran tersebut terhadap kepuasan konsumen sehingga memberi impak kepada pemasaran produknya. Siaran dilakukan secara interaktif, dengan durasi 45 menit. Teknik analisis digunakan dengan deskriptif kualititatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan siaran interaktif yang melibatkan pendengar yang dalam talkshow RRI lebih dikenali produknya di masyarakat Bogor. Sedangkan UKM yang belum bisa merespon pertanyaan pendengar dalam siaran tersebut lebih lambat pertumbuhan usahanya. Siaran talkshow UKM sangat membantu pihak UKM di Bogor untuk memperkenalkan usahanya kepada masyarakat. Penyiaran radio menjadi alat penting sebagai media periklanan. Radio menjadi salah satu media siaran yang sesuai untuk mempromosikan produk tertentu dengan cakupan yang lebih luas.

This study aims to determine the implementation of dhuha prayer activities at MTs Insan Sejati, and the discipline within the school. In addition, this study aims to determine the extent of the role of dhuha prayer activities in shaping student discipline at MTs Insan Sejati. So that it can be obtained the percentage of the extent to which this dhuha prayer activity affects student discipline in everyday life. In this study, the method used is the correlation method, so that it will be obtained whether there is a relationship between the independent variable (Dhuha Prayer) and the dependent variable (Student Discipline), the subjects in this study were all 70 students of MTs Insan Sejati. The results of the calculation of the correlation coefficient between the dhuha prayer activity variable (X) and the student discipline variable (Y) obtained an rcount of 0.850. Thus, when compared to the value of rcount with rtable, by taking a significance level of 5% and degrees of freedom N – 2 = 70 – 2 = 68. Based on the results of rxy and rtable values ​​at a significance level of 5%, the results obtained are rcount of 0.850 and rtable of 0.250. Thus, the value of rcount > rtable = 0.850 > 0.250. This shows that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning that there is a significant influence between the congregational dhuha prayer (X) on student discipline (Y).  Keywords: Dhuha Prayer, Student Discipline

<p class="14E-mail"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris"><em>The phenomenon of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) behavior is rife due to campaigns through mass media. They do that because LGBT behavior can be recognized based on human rights. In contrast, the LGBT movement is against religious law and hurts the perpetrators. Online media became one of the campaign tools for the movement. Journalistic media provide information about LGBT to the public through the news they make. Kompas.com is currently one of the largest online media in Indonesia and has also reported on the LGBT phenomenon in Indonesia. This study aims to find out how the online media Kompas.com's point of view reports on LGBT in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach to study the Kompas.com news literature related to LGBT in the 2021 period. The data analysis technique used is the Zhongdang Pan and Kosicki model framing analysis. The results show that Kompas.com views LGBT as a wrong behavior because it is against the state ideology, but Kompas.com views that this behavior cannot use as an excuse to generalize that LGBT perpetrators commit sexual harassment. This research recommends that Kompas.com continue to provide helpful news that follows the country's ideology, religious values, and decency so that society is unaffected by global influences.</em></p><p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak">Fenomena perilaku lesbian, gay, biseksual, dan transgender (LGBT) marak terjadi akibat adanya kampanye melalui media massa. Hal ini dilakukan agar perilaku LGBT dapat diakui keberadaannya di masyarakat dengan dasar hak asasi manusia. Padahal, gerakan LGBT bertentangan dengan hukum agama dan membawa dampak buruk bagi pelakunya. Media online menjadi salah satu alat kampanye gerakan tersebut. Media jurnalistik memberikan informasi mengenai LGBT kepada masyarakat melalui pemberitaan yang dibuat. Kompas.com saat ini menjadi salah satu media online terbesar di Indonesia juga turut memberitakan fenomena LGBT di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana sudut pandang media online Kompas.com dalam pemberitaan LGBT di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan berita Kompas.com terkait LGBT pada periode tahun 2021. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yakni analisis framing model Zhongdang Pan dan Kosicki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kompas.com memandang LGBT sebagai perilaku yang salah karena bertentangan dengan ideologi negara, namun Kompas.com memandang perilaku tersebut tidak bisa dijadikan alasan generalisasi pelaku LGBT melakukan pelecehan seksual. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan Kompas.com untuk tetap memberikan berita yang bermanfaat yang sesuai dengan ideologi negara, nilai agama, dan kesusilaan agar masyarakat tidak terpengaruh dampak buruk pengaruh global.</p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak"> </p>