This quasi-experimental study was to find out: (1) the influence of critical thinking skills of students given the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model with students who were given conventional learning; (2) the influence of critical knowledge with high initial knowledge using the Project Based Learning(PjBL) model compared to those using conventional learning; (3) the influence of critical thinking skills with low initial knowledge using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model compared to those using conventional learning; (4) interaction between learning strategies with students' initial knowledge of critical thinking skills. This research is a quasi-experimental type with a research design using factorial 2x2. The population is all SD Kartika 1-11 students and the sample is 50 IVA and IVB students. The sampling technique is simple random sampling. Research data was obtained from tests of initial knowledge and critical thinking skills. The results of the study indicate that:(1) students' critical thinking skills given the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model higher tcount = 1.910> t table = 1.708;(2) Critical thinking skills with high initial knowledge using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) and conventional models have no significant differences thitung = 1.87 t table = 2.56; (4) there is no interaction between learning models with students' initial knowledge of critical thinking skills.

This study aims to determine the quality of the hadith about Islamic remission of leaving Friday prayer in coincidence with Eid al-Fitr or Eid al-Adha, both from the sanad and matan. This study is also to find out the hadith’s meanings. By means of takhrij al-hadith and fiqh al-hadith methods, it is concluded that the hadith about Islamic remission of living Friday prayer in coincidence with the 'Idain is dhaif because the sanad, Iyas bin Ramlah and Israil got jarah of the Muslim scholars in all channels of the hadith’s sanad. Meanwhile, for the understanding of Muslim scholars about the Islamic remission of leaving Friday prayer on the 'Idain, it is permissible as long as there are certain syar'i cases causing not to be able to perform Friday prayer, such as: rainy days, sickness, travelers, or being in the domicile far from the places that hold Friday prayer

Background Cycling is a physical exercise that is widely performed to improve physical fitness. Regular physical exercise will lead to adaptations to exercise. This adaptation is useful in suppressing the production of reactive oxygen stress (ROS) generated in response to cellular metabolism that uses oxygen. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) plays a role in increasing the production of ROS, thus, when the concentration is low, it would lead to an improvement in physical fitness. This study aims to compare levels of TGF-β1 between recreational cyclists and sedentary groups. In addition, this research also compares several other parameters, which are fasting blood sugar levels and lipid profiles (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol) between cyclists and sedentaries. Methods This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The research subjects consisted of 2 groups, each consisting of 21 participants, namely the recreational cyclist and the sedentary group. Anthropometric examinations were carried out, including body weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Fasting blood glucose concentration and lipid profile (Triglyceride – TG , Total Cholesterol – Total C , HDL Cholesterol – HDL-C , and LDL Cholesterol – LDL-C ) were determined by the enzymatic colorimetric methods, and TGF-β1 levels were determined using the fluorescence of specific antibodies for TGF-β1 (pg/ml) using ELISA method. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS v. 25. Results The anthropometric variables, other than body height, did not differ significantly between the two groups, so did the fasting blood glucose concentration. Nevertheless, the lipid profile (TG, Total C, HDL-C and LDL-C) were found to be significantly better in the cyclist group (p < 0.05). The mean level of TGF-β1 in recreational cyclists was 8, 908.48 pg/ml, lower than the control group, 10, 229.28 pg/ml. The results of the unpaired t -test showed significant mean differences between the two groups, (p = 0.001; p < 0.05). Conclusion The levels of TGF-β1 in the recreational cyclist group were lower than the sedentary group. Regular physical exercise will trigger exercise adaptations that can suppress latent TGF-β1 activation.

<p><strong>Latar Belakang: </strong>Kecemasan merupakan suatu gejala yang timbul dari konflik bawah sadar yang tidak terselesaikan. Kecemasan ujian merupakan kecemasan antisipatif yang timbul ketika menghadapi situasi ujian.Setiap individu memiliki cara ataupun mekanisme koping yang berbeda dalam menghadapi masalahnya. Penggunaan mekanisme koping yang sesuai membantu seseorang beradaptasi terhadap perubahan atau beban yang dihadapi, termasuk beban belajar menghadapi ujian.Penelitian ini meneliti hubungan antara mekanisme koping dengan skor kecemasan mahasiswa program studi pendidikan dokter dalam menghadapi ujian keterampilan medik, serta korelasi antara skor kecemasan dengan nilai ujian.</p><p><strong>Metode:</strong> Penelitian ini menggunakan desain <em>cross-sectional</em>. Responden penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa program studi pendidikan dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram tahun pertama dan kedua. Datamekanisme koping diambil dengan menggunakan instrumen <em>Brief COPE, </em>sementara data kecemasan diambil menggunakan instrumen PTA (<em>Performance Test Anxiety</em>). Keduanya telah diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Indonesia dan diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya.Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji <em>Mann-Whitney </em>dan uji <em>Spearman. </em></p><p><strong>Hasil: </strong>Sebanyak 207 mahasiswa berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Skorkecemasan mahasiswadidapatkan70.00 (31-94)dan 83.1% menggunakan<em>Problem Focused Coping</em>. Penggunaan <em>Problem focused coping</em> berhubungan signifikan dengan skor kecemasan yang lebih rendah(p=0,032). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara skor kecemasan dengan hasil ujian keterampilan medik pada mahasiswa tahun pertama maupun kedua (p &gt; 0.05)</p><p><strong>Simpulan: </strong>Jenis mekanisme koping yang paling banyak digunakan oleh mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran universitas mataram adalah <em>problem focused coping</em> dan jenis mekanisme koping ini berhubungan dengan skor kecemasan ujian yang lebih rendah.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> <strong>Kecemasan Ujian, Mekanisme Koping, Keterampilan Medik</strong></p><p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Anxiety is a symptom that arises from unfinished subconscious conflicts. Exam anxiety is anticipatory anxiety experienced when student in an examination situation.  Each individual has a different coping mechanism in dealing with the problem.</em><em>The use of appropriate coping mechanism helps individuals adapt to the changes or burden they face, including studying for exams. This study examined the relationship between coping mechanisms and anxiety score of medical students in facing clinical skills exam, as well as the correlation between anxiety score and clinical skills exam score.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Method</em></strong><strong><em>s</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong><em>This study used a cross-sectional design. The study subjects were first and second year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram. Coping mechanism data were obtained using the Brief COPE Inventory, while anxiety data were obtained using the Performance Test Anxiety (PTA). Both questionnaires have been translated into Bahasa Indonesia andtested for validity and reliability. The statistical test used in this study were the Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman test. </em></p><p><strong><em>Result</em></strong><strong><em>s</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>A total of 207 students participated in this study. The participants’ anxiety score was 70.00 (31-94)and 83.1% using Problem Focused Coping. The use of Problem Focused Copingwas significantly associated with lower anxiety score (p=0.032). There was no relationship between anxiety score and clinical skills examination results for the first and second year student (p &gt; 0.05).</em></p><p><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong><em>The use of Problem Focused Coping was prevalent among the first and second year students participated in this study and this coping mechanism was associated with lower exam anxiety score.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keyword: Exam anxiety, coping mechanism, medical skill exam.</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p>

In carrying out irrigation system management in the irrigation area managed by the East Java Province in Mojokerto, PU Department of Water Resources of East Java experienced some constraint, namely irrigation infrastructure had expired, less of irrigation services and there was a decrease in storage capasity. Another constraint is population growth which has led to an increase in water use needs, food needs, conversion from agricultural land to settlements and industries and critical watersheds. In an effort to overcome these constraint, in addition to the operation, maintenance and rehabilitation, a comprehensive reform is needed, both institutional, technical, managerial, and human resources, known as irrigation modernization. Before carrying out irrigation modernization activities, it is necessary to have an assessment to measure the readiness levels of an irrigation area in carrying out modernization activities. First, determine the criteria that affect the modernization of irrigation, in this case there are 5 criteria and 34 sub criteria. Criteria weights were calculated using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process method. Then, priority scale of readiness irrigation area in carrying out irrigation modernization activities was determined using Simple Additive Weighting method. From 7 irrigation area managed by the East Java Province in Mojokerto, the resulting priority scale showed that modernization of irrigation can be applied to Kromong Irrigation Area. Modernization of irrigation should be postponed and carried out after revitalization on the Irrigation Area of Mernung, Sinoman, Penewon, Candi Limo, Jatikulon and Subontoro. ABSTRAKDalam melaksanakan pengelolaan sistem irigasi pada daerah irigasi kewenangan pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur di Kabupaten Mojokerto, Dinas PU Sumber Daya Air Provinsi Jawa Timur mengalami beberapa kendala yaitu jaringan irigasi telah habis umur teknisnya, kurang optimalnya pelayanan irigasi serta terjadinya penurunan kapasitas tampungan air yang ada. Kendala lainnya yaitu adanya pertumbuhan penduduk yang menyebabkan peningkatan kebutuhan penggunaan air, peningkatan kebutuhan pangan, alih fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi pemukiman maupun industri serta Daerah Aliran Sungai kritis. Sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, selain operasi, pemeliharaan dan rehabilitasi, diperlukan suatu pembaharuan secara menyeluruh, baik manajerial, institusional maupun teknikal, termasuk sumber daya manusianya, yang dikenal dengan istilah modernisasi irigasi. Sebelum melaksanakan kegiatan modernisasi irigasi, perlu adanya suatu penilaian untuk mengukur tingat kesiapan suatu daerah irigasi dalam melaksanakan kegiatan modernisasi irigasi tersebut. Langkah pertama yaitu menentukan kriteria yang mempengaruhi modernisasi irigasi, dalam hal ini terdapat 5 kriteria dan 34 sub kriteria. Penentuan bobot kriteria dilakukan dengan metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process. Kemudian setelah itu, skala prioritas kesiapan daerah irigasi dalam melaksanakan kegiatan modernisasi irigasi ditentukan dengan metode S...