Folklore studies have revealed that Musa balbisiana Colla (MB; Family: Musaceae) has high medicinal properties. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate antihyperglycemic, and antioxidant activity of MB extracts in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. In vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of MB extracts, i.e., root extract (RE), shoot extract and inflorescence extract were determined by using various methods viz 1,-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and a method to assess their possible effect on glucose diffusion across gastrointestinal tract and identify bioactive compound of potent extract. In vivo antilipidemic and antidiabetic activity was evaluated by administrating oral dose of RE for 15 days on STZ- induced diabetic rat. RE showed highest antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH radical (IC50 32.96 μg/ml) and inhibit 30% glucose movement in vitro. The methanol extract of root showed the presence of calyx [4] arene category of the compound. Furthermore, RE treated rat revealed a reduction in fasting blood glucose (62.5%), serum total cholesterol (36.2%), triglyceride (54.5%), and low-density lipoprotein (50.94%) after 15 days as compared to STZ treated animal. There was an initiation of regenerative structures of the affected organs after 15 days of RE treatment. Histopathological observations clearly differentiate the structural changes in pancreas, liver, and kidney of STZ and RE treated group. The presence of calyx [4] arene class of compound may be responsible for its antioxidant and antidiabetic properties by absorbing glucose in vivo.

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This study evaluated the hypolipidemic effect of crude polyphenol fraction from Clerodenrdon colebrookianum (CPCC) leaves in cholesterol fed rats. Crude polyphenol fraction was obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of Clerodenrdon colebrookianum (CC). Investigation was conducted by administering graded oral doses (0.25 g, 0.5 g and 1 g/kg b. w. /day) of the CPCC for a period of 28 days. Significant (p < 0.01) rise in plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were observed in cholesterol fed rats. Increased lipid profile has been depleted and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been increased after chronic feeding of CPCC. In addition, CPCC extract enhanced the excretion of fecal cholesterol (FC) but could not arrest the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase activities. Histopathological observations showed loss of normal liver architecture in cholesterol fed rats which were retained in CPCC treated groups. Moreover, the analysis of CC extract demonstrated the presence of substantial amount of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins content, further HPLC analysis led to the identification and quantification of two most important biologically active secondary metabolites i.e. (+) Catechin (432 ppm) and Quarcetin (105 ppm). The findings of this study suggested that CPCC had a strong hypolipidemic function and could be used as a supplement in healthcare foods and drugs.

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