Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan mengumpulkan informasi tentang potensi lahan yang belum termanfaatkan secara optimal pada penerapan sistem pertanian terpadu. Intensifikasi pertanian yang merupakan pengolahan lahan pertanian yang ada dengan sebaik-baiknya untuk meningkatkan hasil pertanian dengan menggunakan berbagai sarana. Meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan lahan, khususnya menjaga kesuburan lahan. Sistem pertanian berkelanjutan adalah kembali kepada alam, yaitu sistem pertanian yang tidak merusak, tidak mengubah, serasi, selaras dan seimbang dengan lingkungan atau pertanian yang patuh dan tunduk pada kaidah-kaidah alamiah sehingga akan dapat diwujudkan suatu sistem pertanian yang berkelanjutan. Tulisan ini menggunakan kajian studi kepustakaan pada jurnal-jurnal terkait dengan lahan pada sistem pertanian terpadu dengan mencari kesamaan, perbedaan, memberikan pandangan, serta meringkas hasil penelitian terdahulu guna mencapai tujuan tulisan ini. Tulisan ini mencakup studi kepustakaan pada perkembangan dan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi pada sistem pertanian terpadu pada daerah-daearah pertanian dengan lahan yang luas di indonesia pada saat dulu dan sekarang. Dari studi kepustakaan ini di dapatkan hasil bahwa dengan mengintesifkan penggunaaan lahan pada sistem pertanian terpadu bisa meningkatkan ketahanan pangan, kesejahteraan petani, meningkatkan lapangan pekerjaan, penciptaan teknologi terbarukan, dan pentingnya dukungan pemerintah terkait untuk terciptanya peluang bagi petani dalam meningkatkan skala pertaniannya serta meningkatkan kesuburan tanah sehingga pertanian berkelanjutan dapat terjadi dan lebih mensejahterakan petani dimasa yang akan datang.
The analysis of profitability, comparative advantage, competitive advantage and import policy impact on beef cattle fattening in west javaABSTRACT. The beef cattle fattening in Indonesia is financially and economically beneficial, even though the production process is in an economical condition with various trading policies with others countries. Those including the policies of import tarrif and quota on input that are aimed to have a more expensive price of import input, hence giving the chance for domestic input to compete. These will be an advantage for domestic feedloter, however the result of governmental policy are often far from expectation. Research conducted in West Java. This research used the survey method, with multistage random sampling and analyzed by using the Policy Analysis Matrix model to measure the efficiency of the business performance of beef cattle fattening. Result of the research shows that beef cattle fattening reached financial and economical benefits. Feedloters of local and imported cows in west Java has competitive advantage, local cows is more competitive than imported cows. Meanwhile efficiency indicator shows that feedloters of imported cows has more comparative advantage compared to the feedloters of local cow.
Cabai merah merupakan salah satu komoditas strategis di Indonesia dikarenakan perubahan harga cabai merah dapat mempengaruhi inflasi. Perubahan harga cabai merah di Kabupaten Kerinci mempengaruhi usahatani cabai merah keriting. Fluktuasi harga cabai merah mengharuskan Pemerintah untuk membuat kebijakan berupa harga referensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis Daya Saing dan Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap komoditi cabai merah. Penelitian berlokasi di Kabupaten Kerinci yang merupakan sentra produksi cabai merah Provinsi Jambi ditentukan secara purposive. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif untuk menghitung daya saing dan kebijakan pemerintah menggunakan PAM dan analisis sensitivitas. Hasil menunjukkan berdasarkan perhitungan dengan tabel PAM, usahatani cabai merah di Kabupaten Kerinci berdaya saing ditunjukkan dengan memiliki keuntungan finansial maupun ekonomi serta memiliki keunggulan Kompetitif dan Komparatif yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai PCR dan DRCR <1. Kebijakan Pemerintah terdiri atas kebijakan input dan kebijakan output. Analisis sensitivitas dengan skenario perubahan harga output dan biaya input menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap usahatani cabai merah di Kabupaten Kerinci. Saran untuk petani dengan menekan biaya input produksi, penciptaan nilai tambah dan menerapkan kemitraan dengan stakeholder. Sementara untuk Pemerintah dengan pelatihan petani, kebijakan harga referensi dan menerapkan kuota dan tarif impor.
The purpose of this study is to determine the market structure and the barriers to entry and exit of beef cattle market in Payakumbuh. Survey was conducted in Payakumbuh West Sumatra, with total of 106 respondents. The market structure was analyzed using concentration ratio. The results showed that cattle traded value of each actor is varies, the highest is Butcher, middlemen, breeder and trader respectively with total value of Rp 7,217,760,000. The results also showed that the concentration ratio of beef cattle market is less than 40%. This situation gives a strong bargaining position for the beef cattle market and market are identified as perfect competition market. The main barriers to entry are big investment value and marketing. Meanwhile, barriers to exit are, again big investment value and the fact that beef cattle business is as the community's main source of income. Index Terms-market structure, business cattle, market barriers, concentration ratio, investment value, bargaining position
Innovation is needed by micro, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs) to grow and survive in an increasingly competitive business competition. However, innovation must be adapted to the existing constraints considering the limited number of employees, total assets, total revenue, and the amount of the budget for innovation. Forms of innovation that can be carried out by a business in an effort to increase its competitiveness include business model innovation, marketing, organization, processes and technology, products, services, and supply chains. Human resources is an important factor in improving the performance and innovation of micro, small, and medium enterprises. This study aimed to design an innovation strategy in accordance with the constraints, human resource capabilities and innovation opportunities in an effort to increase competitiveness. The analysis was done by using the structural equation modelling method with partial least square approach. It was proven that human resources play an important role because they greatly affect the success of both overcoming obstacles and the implementation of innovation.
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