A study was made of the prevalence of colorectal polyps (excluding juvenile polyps, familial polyposis coli and villous adenomas) and the minimum frequency of colorectal carcinoma in Southern Iran. A total of 801 large intestines from necropsies performed on individuals 20 years or older was examined with or without magnifying lens for presence of polyps. Our prevalence rate was then compared with those reported on postmortem material from the USA, Australia, South Africa (Bantus), Colombia, and Hawaii (Japanese immigrants). Our surgical pathology files were reviewed for colorectal polyps over a 22-year period (1952-1973). Colorectal carcinomas diagnosed in the Department of Pathology were reviewed over 11 years (1963-1973) and the minimum frequency rates compared with corresponding age- and sex-specific incidence rates from Connecticut, USA. The data indicate 1) a very low prevalence rate for colorectal polyps as well as carcinoma in our region and 2) a rather striking predominance of right-sided colonic carcinoma.

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In a 6-year period (January 1, 1963-December 31, 1968), a total of 3,295 malignant neoplasms essentially derived from the Fars Province, Southern Iran, were diagnosed by biopsy, resection, blood and/or marrow examination, a n d necropsy. The site-, age-a n d sex-specific rates for these cancers were compared with the corresponding incidence rates from the Connecticut Registry, adjusted to the age structure of our population. T h e most common cancers i n both sexes were skin, lymph nodes, stomach, female breast, a n d leukemias. Cancers of pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, nasal cavities and sinuses, and conjunctiva occurred more frequently a t a younger age in Fars. Gestational choriocarcinomas were much more common than in Connecticut. Although similar independent ligures are not available for Connecticut, it is probable that primary upper small intestinal lymphomas a n d carcinomas of the renal pelvis were also more comm,on in our region.

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