The paper discusses the problems of assessing the implementation of strategies for the development of Russia's macroregions and proposes a scheme for studying the implementation of these strategies for the development of Russian regions in a down economy. The North Caucasian Federal District was chosen as the object of the study. The calculations are based on the official publications of the Federal Service of State Statistics of Russia. The shortcomings and other problems in assessing the implementation of the strategies for the macroregions' development is also analyzed.

The article discusses some areas of optimization of the spatial distribution of investments in human capital on the example of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. Based on the study of the subjects of investment in human capital and the mechanisms of investment in human capital, the article identifies a number of problems that allow us to talk about a weak system of organization and management of investments in human capital, as well as stochastic returns on these investments, which requires the search for mechanisms to optimize the processes of managing the spatial distribution of investments in human capital. In order to solve the problems identified in the study and to optimize the spatial distribution of investments in human capital at the regional level in the context of limited financial capabilities of the regions, the proposed article develops a mechanism for forming priorities for regional investments in human capital, which will take into account the characteristics of a particular region, its priorities in terms of investment in human capital, the structure and sources of such investments, taking into account the capabilities of the region. Within the framework of the proposed study, it is determined that the formation of priorities for regional investments in human capital should be determined as the ratio of the required volume of investment investments to the costs of achieving specific results of socio-economic development, taking into account specific criteria for assessing the financial support of the regional investment process. The mechanism of formation of priorities of regional investments in human capital proposed in the scientific article will allow optimizing the distribution of investments in regional human capital, since the priority areas of investment are determined here taking into account the available resources of the region, as well as taking into account the assessment of their multiplier effect for sustainable regional development as a whole.

The article discusses the main existing methodological approaches to assessing the state of human capital in the regions, and provides a critical analysis by comparing the positive and negative sides. The article substantiates that in modern realities for the assessment of regional human capital should be used available indicators recorded by the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation in all regions, which will ensure the comparability of calculations between different subjects and give a certain universality to the methods of assessing the state of human capital in the region. Justifies the author’s position of assessing the state of human capital in the region based on the socalled representative approach of interregional comparison, the undoubted advantage of which is the comparability of the assessment indicators, which excludes the influence of the area and population of the region on the calculation of specific indicators. It is shown, in addition, that this approach is based on regional statistics available and universal for all regions. In the article, based on the methodology for assessing the human capital of the region justified by the authors, an assessment of the state of the human capital of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District for 2019 is carried out, according to the results of which the corresponding conclusions are made, indicating a fairly strong differentiation of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District by individual components of human capital. In this connection, it is proposed to consider the integral index of the human capital of the region in the context of the influence of indicators of the elements of regional human capital on it in order to obtain more weighty guidelines for the development strategies of regional human capital. The methodological approach proposed in the article and the results obtained can be useful for the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District to develop development strategies and adjust existing programs for the development of human capital.

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The article discusses some areas of improvement and development of the state system of counteraction to the shadow economy in order to ensure the economic security of Russia. Based on the study of modern trends in the development of the socio-economic system of Russia, it is shown that the current state of affairs in the socio-economic system of Russia requires the development and adoption of a socio-economic policy (strategy) to counteract the shadow economy of the state, which can be understood as the activity defined by strategic and tactical plans. bodies of state power and management to dedenevize the country’s economy with clearly defined goals and objectives of each involved department. Within the framework of the proposed study, it was determined that in Russia there is no complex regulatory act that determines the policy of the state with clearly defined goals and objectives of countering the shadow economy. In the absence of such a regulatory legal act, all measures to counter the shadow economy implemented in Russia can be characterized as targeted measures to counteract individual manifestations of the shadow economy without taking into account both regional specifics and strategic interests of ensuring the economic security of the state. To solve the problems highlighted in the study and in order to improve and develop the state system for countering the shadow economy in order to ensure the economic security of Russia, within the framework of the proposed article, a mechanism for countering the shadow economy has been developed, which will ensure the coordination and participation of all interested parties in the de-shadowing of the Russian economy. The mechanism of the state system of counteraction to the shadow economy proposed in the scientific article will give an economic and social effect when introduced, which can be calculated as the ratio of the obtained positive effect from reducing the scale of the shadow sector of the economy and increasing the economic security of the state to the costs incurred for the implementation of the proposed mechanism.