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Introduction. The article presents the results of the detection of pharmacologically active secondary metabolites in black crowberry Empetrum nigrum L. using the method of high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).Aim. To show the efficiency of HPTLC for conducting preliminary phytochemical analysis to determine the main groups of metabolites in promising medicinal plant species.Materials and methods. HPTLC analysis was carried out on a CAMAG device (Switzerland), using MERCK HPTLC silica gel 60 F154, 20 × 10 cm plates. For the evaporation of the samples, a Heidolph vacuum rotary evaporator (Germany) was used. The aerial parts (shoots) of Empetrum nigrum were harvested next to St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University (SPCPU) nursery garden of medicinal plants (Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsky District, Priozerskoe Highway, 38 km) in August 2019.Results and discussion. In the course of the research, four fractions from the aerial parts of Empetrum nigrum were obtained: hexane, dichloromethane, butanol, and water. Then, these fractions were investigated by HPTLC in two solvent systems – n-butanol : acetic acid : water (BAW) (4 : 1 : 2) and hexane : dichloromethane : methanol (HDM) (1 : 2 : 0.5). After scanning densitometric analysis of the plates eluted in the HDM system, it was revealed, that the hexane and dichloromethane fractions have a similar composition and contain the greatest amount of compounds, compared to the butanol and water fractions, and in the BAW system, it was found, that the butanol fraction contains the greatest variety of metabolites. As a result of UV spectroscopy, it was found, that the main groups of compounds contained in the hexane and dichloromethane fractions are derivatives of chalcones, dihydrochalcones, bibenzyls and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes. While in the butanol fraction, the main groups of secondary metabolites were derivatives of flavonoids and tanninsConclusion. The data obtained allow us to note the efficiency, speed and simplicity of HPTLC for conducting preliminary phytochemical analysis to determine the main groups of metabolites of promising medicinal plant species.

Geranium pratense is a perennial herb with horizontal rootstock, palmately lobed leaves and pentamerous zygomorphic bluish flowers, widespread in Russia. The chemical composition of the aerial part and root part of G. pratense includes hydrolysable and condensed tannins, phenolic acids, flavonoids. herb, rhizome and root of G. pratense in powder or by infusion or decoction are reportedly used in folk medicine in treatment of periodontal diseases and stomatitis. The aim of the present investigation was to determine optimal conditions for extraction of biologically active compounds from G. pratense, to evaluate antimicrobial activity of powdered extracts obtained from its aerial part and root part and to validate scientifically its use in traditional medicine. The plant matter (herb or rhizome and root of G. pratense, collected in 2010-2011 in Northwest Russia) was extracted with 40 % ethanol. Trials varying in methods of extraction, particle size, extraction time and solvent to solid ratio were performed. The quantitative evaluation of tannins and flavonoids in 40 % ethanol aqueous extracts and powdered extracts was carried out by spectrophotometric method. Results of assays were reported in gallic acid equivalents for tannins and rutin equivalents for flavonoids. broth dilution method followed by subculturing to agar media without antibacterial agent was employed to assess minimal inhibition concentration (MiC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MbC). Optimal conditions for extraction of phenolic constituents from raw material were evaluated. Powdered herb extract (PhE) was reported to contain 33.05 % of tannins and 9.74 % of flavonoinds. Antimicrobial studies suggested that PhE had inhibitory effect against S. aureus and B. cereus: the MiC was found to be 2 mg/ml against S. aureus, the Mib against B. cereus was 1 mg/ml. The total content of tannins in powdered extract of G. pratense root part (PRE) is 41.56 %. PRE exhibited growth inhibitory activity against S. aureus, B. cereus and P. aeruginosa with Mib value of 0.5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml and MiC value of 2 mg/ml respectively. PhE and PRE revealed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The existence of microorganisms in particular Streptococcus sp. in an oral biofilm and dental plaque has profound implications for the etiology of periodontal disease. So the results indicate that the studied G. pratense preparations could become a new effective agent in a wide range of oral care products used in treatment-and-profilactic of periodontitis, gingivitis and stomatitis. DEVELOPMENT OINTMENT AND SUPPOSITORY WITH HYPERICUM PERFORATUM HERB POLYEXTRACT St. Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical Academy, Russiahypericum perforatum herb (John's wort) contains a variety of biologically active substances (bAS), such as hypericin, pseudohypericin, hyperforin, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, etc. Great "ensemble" of St. John's wort's bAS causes a wide range of its therapeutic action. There are not technologies a soft pharmaceutical form with hydroalcoholic...

Introduction. Natural sources, especially plants, have been used in folk medicine of various countries for many centuries and appears as rich sources of natural compounds. One of the interesting plants for study is the yellow loosestrife (Lysimachia vulgaris L.), the information on the chemical composition of which is scarce.Aim. Carry out a phytochemical research of the L. vulgaris aerial part, by isolation of individual secondary metabolites and elucidation of their structure.Material and methods. Aerial part of L. vulgaris, was collected in the Leningrad region (Vsevolozhsk district, Morozov village, the shore of Lake Ladoga) in July 2021. Fraction analysis was performed through analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a LC-20 Prominence (Shimadzu corp., Japan) equipped with a SPD-M20A diode-array detector. The isolation of compounds was carried out by open column chromatography using sorbent Dianion HP-20, as well as by preparative HPLC using a Smartline system (Knauer, Germany) equipped with a spectrophotometric detector. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by NMR experiments (Bruker Avance III 400 MHz, Germany).Results and discussion. As a result of L. vulgaris aerial part phytochemical research, the structures of seven individual compounds (1–7) were elucidated. Compounds 1 and 2 are luteolin and quercetin, respectively, while compounds 3–7 are glycosides of quercetin, myricitin and kaempferol, namely myricetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (3), myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (rutin) (5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (7).Conclusion. As a result of L. vulgaris aerial part phytochemical research, seven individual compounds were isolated. Compounds 1 and 4 have been found in the aerial part of L. vulgaris for the first time, and all compounds (1–7) have been isolated for the first time from the yellow loosestrife herb.

Introduction. A number of studies have shown that various genetic and environmental factors can affect the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. In particular, it is known that the local geoclimate, seasonal changes, external conditions such as light, temperature, moisture and soil fertility can affect the chemical composition and, as a result, the therapeutic properties of plants used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Empetrum nigrum L. is a rich source of various pharmacologically active secondary metabolites – chalcones, dihydrochalcones, bibenzyls, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins. In the scientific literature, there is no data on the variation in the chemical composition of E. nigrum depending on the growing area. The obtained data are necessary for a reasonable choice of the collecting location for the plant, with the aim of its further chemical and pharmacological research for the development of promising drug candidates.Aim. To carry out a comparative analysis of secondary metabolites composition in the aerial parts of Empetrum nigrum growing in different regions of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. Samples collected in three different areas were used to compare HPLC profiles: sample 1 was collected next to SPCPU nursery garden of medicinal plants (Leningrad region, Vsevolozhsky district, Priozerskoe highway, 38 km) in July 2020, sample 2 was collected on the Kola Peninsula, around the Khibiny mountains in July 2020, sample 3 was collected on the Kamchatka Peninsula, next to Khalaktyrsky beach (Pacific Ocean coast) in July 2020. Extracts were analyzed by analytical high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a Prominence LC-20 device (Shimadzu, Japan) equipped with a diode array detector.Results and discussion. As a result of the research, for the first time, a significant variation in the qualitative chemical composition in the aerial parts of Empetrum nigrum growing in different regions of Russian Federation was established. Sample 3, collected on the Kamchatka Peninsula, in comparison with samples 1 and 2, contain the greatest variety of polar secondary metabolites belonging to the classes of flavonoids, tannins, and phenol carboxylic acids, while in the shoots collected in the Leningrad region, the major metabolites were weakly polar compounds belonging to the classes of chalcones, dihydrochalcones, bibenzyls, and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes, and in sample 2, collected in the Khibiny mountains, the lowest qualitative content of secondary metabolites was found. This variation may be caused by various environmental factors (biotic and abiotic).Conclusion. For the first time, the comparison of HPLC profiles of aerial part samples of E. nigrum, collected in different regions of the Russia Federation has been carried out. As a result, significant variations in the secondary metabolites composition of the studied samples were established, depending on the regions and growing conditions of the plants. The data obtained can be used for a reasonable choice of the collection location for the plant, with the aim of its further chemical and pharmacological research for the development of promising drug candidates.