El objetivo de este artículo es profundizar en el estudio de la participación económica de las esposas, hijos e hijas en los hogares con jefes hombres de la Ciudad de México en el año de 1995. Mediante el uso de regresiones logísticas, las autoras buscan, por un lado, señalar el peso que pueden tener en nuestra situación actual variables tradicionalmente tomadas en cuenta para explicar la actividad laboral de los diferentes miembros de los hogares, tales como la edad, la escolaridad y el estado civil. Por otro lado, buscan demostrar la pertinencia de considerar las variables del contexto demográfico y socioeconómico familiar en todos los sectores sociales. En particular, la influencia de las variables socioeconómicas familiares (como son el nivel de ingreso y la inserción laboral del jefe del hogar) es mejor conocida en el caso de los sectores de escasos recursos, y su trabajo pretende ampliar el conocimiento existente en este campo también en lo que respecta a los grupos relativamente más favorecidos. Al respecto, uno de los resultados más interesantes lo obtuvieron al considerar la ocupación no manual independiente del jefe del hogar –profesionistas, técnicos y comerciantes establecidos– ya que en este contexto familiar se observó una participación económica significativa de las esposas e hijos varones, aun controlando tanto los factores individuales como el ingreso de los jefes.
Background: Rates of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors seem to be increasing in American Indian populations, yet these changes have received little documentation.
The implications of aging of the population in Mexico are complicated and in some respects, serious. Like many other developing countries, Mexico has no genuine state public policies designed to ensure the treatment, everyday care and well-being of senior citizens. In view of this discouraging outlook, it is families, mainly women, who continue to be responsible for looking after senior citizens thereby increasing these women’s workloads. The previous situation leads directly to the theme of the work-family link, as a result of which this article contains a proposal constituting an exploratory approach that attempts the simultaneous use of data sources clearly identified with qualitative and quantitative research styles. One of the main objectives of the article is to analyze the interrelationship between several of the life trajectories comprising women’s life courses. One of the most important trajectories is work, on the basis of which, in conjunction with the others (school, conjugal and reproductive), a typology was drawn up to describe the link between family and work. In order to achieve this, the problem has been inscribed within the life-course approach that rejects homogeneity and temporal linearity and assumes a multidimensional conception of time. With regard to the characteristics of the information sources, our starting point has been a purely qualitative study of a group of women from the urban middle class in Mexico, undertaken by one of the co-authors. As for the quantitative universe of reference, this consists of a group of middle-class urban women for two age cohorts: 1936–1938, and 1951–1953. The source of information comprises the Retrospective Demographic Survey taken by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI, its acronym in Spanish) in 1998.
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