Gene and drug delivery systems need crucial update in the issue of nanocarriers. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are known as biocompatible inorganic lamellar nanomaterials with versatile properties. In the present study, Zn/Al-LDH nanoparticle was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and Zeta potential tests and then intercalated with valproate and methyldopa by co-precipitation and ion exchange methods. These nanocarriers were applied as high activity nanolayers-based delivery systems. On the other hand, Zn/Al-LDH þ plasmid/gene (pCEP4/Cdk9) evaluated on C2C12 myoblast cells. Cooperation loading indicated high efficiency of sorting and release of drugs. Additionally, the Real-Time PCR and Western blotting results for plasmid-gene (pCEP4/Cdk9) delivery showed that Zn/Al-LDH nanoparticles can be used as an effective carrier in cellular uptake and release of genes for gene therapy. Easy and cost-effective production of Zn/Al-LDH nanoparticles proposed them as potential alternatives for the traditional routs of drug/gene delivery.

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Objective:In this study, we compared the effects of 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) and nano zinc oxide (NZO) on the microshear bond strength of dentin with a fifth-generation adhesive after acid etching.Materials and Methods:Forty molar teeth were randomly divided into four main groups based on dentin surface treatment technique (a) control (single bond 2); (b) NZO; (c) CHX; and (d) NZO + CHX. In each group, half of the samples underwent thermocycling, with no thermocycling in the other half. Then, failure mode was evaluated under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test, two-way ANOVA, and Chi-squared test.Results:The mean microshear bond strength of the groups without thermocycling was more than that of the groups with thermocycling, but there were no statistically significant differences between the groups with and without thermocycling in pair-wise comparisons.Conclusion:Pretreatment with NZO and CHX separately and simultaneously had no effect on the microshear bond strength of a fifth-generation adhesive.